Page 46 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—2: 'kfDr ,oa lÙkk

laLFkkRed 'kfDr dh n`f"V ls lÙkk dk fofHkUu izdkj ls iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vkSj bl lÙkk osQ vk/kj ij O;kid uksV
lUnHkZ esa lÙkk osQ vkSj Hkh izdkj gks ldrs gSa% (i) {ks=kh;rk dh n`f"V ls jk"Vªh;] izkUrh; vkSj LFkkuh;]
(ii) vis{kkÑr O;kid lUnHkZ dh n`f"V ls jk"Vªh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh;] (iii) laoS/kfud n`f"V ls lafo/ku ls izkIr
vFkok lk/kj.k dkuwuksa ls izkIr] (iv) ljdkj osQ ijEijkxr vaxksa osQ vk/kj ij dk;Zikfydk O;oLFkkfidk ,oa
U;k;ikfydk lEcU/h] (v) jktuhfrd n`f"V ls jktuhfrd rFkk iz'kklfud] (vi) fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dh n`f"V ls lÙkk
vkfFkZd] lkekftd] /kfeZd] rduhdh vkfn gks ldrh gSA
lÙkk osQ ;s fofHkUu :i lÙkk&iz;ksx dh n`f"V ls gh cryk;s tk ldrs gSa vkSj lÙkk osQ bu rFkkdfFkr :iksa esa
ijLij dksbZ ewy vUrj ugha gSA

lÙkk osQ vk/kj

lÙkk ,d ,slk LorU=k ifjoR;Z gS ftldk 'kfDr] izHkko vkfn ls ?kfu"B lEcU/ gksrk gSA lÙkk osQ vusd lzksr ,oa
vk/kj gksrs gSaA lÙkk dk ewy vk/kj rks vkSfpR;iw.kZrk gh gS D;ksafd lÙkk osQ vkns'kksa dk ikyu lÙkk/kjh vkSj
v/huLFk osQ chp ewY;ksa dh lekurk osQ vk/kj ij fd;k tkrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr fo'okl] fopkjksa dh
,d:irk] fofHkUu n.M fo/ku] v/huLFkksa dh izÑfr] i;kZoj.kkRed ncko vkfn Hkh lÙkk osQ vkèkkj :i esa dk;Z
djrs gSaA i;kZoj.kkRed ncko vkUrfjd vkSj ckgjh nksuksa gh :iksa esa gkssrs gSaA jkt O;oLFkkvksa esa vkUrfjd ncko
vkUrfjd jktuhfrd lajpukvksa tSls] lafo/ku] iz'kklfud laxBu] inkuqØe esa vk;ksftr fofHkUu inksa rFkk bu
inkf/dkfj;ksa osQ vf/dkj rFkk 'kfDr;ksa osQ :i esa gksrs gSaA blosQ vfrfjDr lÙkk/kjh dh dk;ZoqQ'kyrk vkSj
oS;fDrd xq.k Hkh lÙkk osQ vk/kj osQ :i esa dk;Z djrs gSaA vius jkT; dk HkyhHkk¡fr vfLrRo cuk;s j[kus dh
bPNk] ckgjh ncko osQ :i esa lÙkk osQ vk/kj dk dk;Z djrh gSA

lÙkk dks Lohdkj djus osQ fy, v/huLFk osQ ikl ,d ^rVLFkrk dk {ks=k* (Zone of indifference) gksrk
gS ftlosQ vUrxZr vkus okys ekeyksa esa og lÙkk osQ vkns'kksa dks vk¡[k ehapdj Lohdkj djrk gSA LohÑfr dk
{ks=k lhfer gksrk gS rFkk ?kVrk&c<+rk jgrk gSA lkekU;r;k v/huLFk dh ;g izo`fÙk jgrh gS fd og izR;sd fo"k;
esa izkf/dkjh osQ vkns'kksa dk ikyu djs] D;ksafd ,slk djus esa og mÙkjnkf;Ro ls cp tkrk gSA v/huLFk dh n`f"V
ls vko';d gS fd vkns'k leLr laxBu osQ fy, fgrdkjh gksa rFkk mlosQ O;fDrxr fgr esa Hkh gksaA og iqjLdkj]
iz'kalk] ykyp ;k n.M osQ Hk; ls Hkh vkns'kksa dks ikyu dj ldrk gSA tc lÙkk/kjh esa dksjh lÙkk osQ vykok]
usr`Ro rFkk vU; O;fDrxr xq.k gksa] rc v/huLFk osQ fy, vkns'kksa dk ikyu LokHkkfod gks tkrk gSA lÙkk dh
oqQ'kyrk ml le; lokZf/d gks tkrh gS tcfd lÙkk/kjh vkSj v/huLFkksaa osQ chp ewY;ksa dh lekurk LFkkfir gks
tkrh gSA lÙkk dh LohÑfr dk ;g {ks=k vlhfer ugha gksrk vkSj u gh vifjofrZr jgrk gSA lÙkk/kjh dh fLFkfr]
lÙkk/kjh vkSj v/huLFk osQ chp lEcU/ksa dh fLFkfr vkSj vU; rRoksa osQ vk/kj ij blesa deh vkSj o`f¼ gksrh
jgrh gSA

lÙkk ikyu osQ vk/kj
lÙkk osQ izlax esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ iz'u ;g gS fd O;fDr lÙkk dk ikyu D;ksa djrs gSaA lÙkk dh izÑfr osQ lEcU/
esa izeq[k :i ls izfrikfnr nks fl¼kUrksa% vkSipkfjd lÙkk fl¼kUr vkSj LohÑfr fl¼kUr] esa bl iz'u dh O;k[;k
dh xbZ gSA blosQ vfrfjDr eSDl oscj] esjh ikoZQj iQWkysV vkSj psLVj cukZMZ osQ }kjk Hkh bl lEcU/ esa fopkj
O;Dr fd, x;s gSa] ysfdu bl lEcU/ esa lkbeu osQ fopkj vf/d egÙoiw.kZ gSaA lkbeu us lÙkk ikyu osQ izeq[k
:i ls pkj vk/kj cryk, gSa] tks bl izdkj gSa%
1- fo'okl&fo'okl] lÙkk osQ ikyu osQ lEHkor;k lcls izeq[k vk/kj gSA v/huLFk lÙkk/kjh osQ izfr fo'okl
osQ dkj.k mlosQ vkns'kksa dk ikyu djrs gSaA blh dkj.k lÙkk/kjh osQ izfr v/huLFkksa dk fo'okl ftruk xgjk

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 41