Page 104 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

bdkbZ 8 % ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk

izLrkouk (Introduction) uksV

lkekftd ekuo] lekt esa vosQyk ugha gksrkA tUe ls ysdj e`R;q rd og vusd O;fDr;ksa ls f?kjk gksrk gS]
vFkkZr~ mldk lacaèk ,dkfèkd O;fDr;ksa ls gksrk gSA ijarq buesa ls lcls egÙoiw.kZ lacaèk mu O;fDr;ksa osQ lkFk
gksrk gS tks fookg caèku vkSj jDr&lacaèk osQ vkèkkj ij lacfèkr gSaA buesa Hkh fudV rFkk nwj osQ] ?kfu"B rFkk
v?kfu"B] eèkqj rFkk dBksj gj izdkj osQ lacafèk;ksa dk lekos'k jgrk gS_ ijarq Lej.k jgs fd ;s lHkh var%fØ;k
dk gh ifj.kke gksrs gSaA bl izdkj lkekftd var%fØ;k osQ iQyLo:i tks fof'k"V rFkk lekt }kjk ekU;rk
izkIr lqO;ofLFkr J`a[kyk ,d lkekftd izk.kh dks vU; O;fDr;ksa osQ lkFk la;qDr djrh gS mls ^ukrsnkjh
O;oLFkk* dgrs gSaA ekuo'kkL=kh; 'kCndks'k esa ^ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk* dks fuEu 'kCnksa esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k
gSµ^^ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk esa lekt }kjk ekU;rk izkIr os lacaèk vk ldrs gSa tks vuqekfur vkSj jDr lacaèkksa ij
vkèkkfjr gksaA** lekt }kjk ekU;rk izkIr bu lacaèkksa dk {ks=k vR;ar foLr`r gksrk gS] blfy, lacaèk dh
fudVrk ?kfu"Brk] vkReh;rk vkfn osQ vkèkkj ij bu ukrs&fj'rsnkjksa dks dbZ Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkDr fd;k tk
ldrk gSA

8-1 ukrsnkjh dh ifjHkk"kk ,oa vFkZ (Definition and Meaning of Kinship)

jsMfDyiQ czkmu ossQ vuqlkj] ^^ukrsnkjh izFkk og O;oLFkk gS tks O;fDr;ksa dks O;ofLFkr lkekftd thou esa
ijLij lg;ksx djus dh izsj.kk nsrh gSA**
pkYlZ fofud us fy[kk gS] ^^ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk esa lekt }kjk ekU;rk izkIr os lacaèk vk tkrs gSa tks fd
vuqekfur vkSj okLrfod] oa'kkoyh lacaèkksa ij vkèkkfjr gSaA**
mijksDr ifjHkk"kkvksa osQ fo'ys"k.k ls Li"V gS fd ukrsnkjh esa mu O;fDr;ksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gS
ftudk ijLij lacaèk oa'kkoyh osQ vkèkkj ij gksrk gSA ,sls lacaèkksa osQ fy, lekt dh Loho`Qfr vko';d
gSA xksn fy;k cPpk ifjokj okyksa dk ukrsnkj cu tkrk gSA

8-2 ukrsnkjh osQ izdkj (Types of Kinship)

ukrs&fj'rsnkjksa dks eksVs rkSj ij nks Jsf.k;ksa esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSµ
1- fookg lacaèkh ukrsnkjh (Affinal Kinship) rFkk
2- jDr lacaèkh ukrsnkjh (Consanguineous Kinship)A
1- fookg lacaèkh ukrsnkjhµosQ varZxr u osQoy fookg&lacaèk }kjk lac¼ ifr&iRuh gh vkrs gS cfYd bu
nksuksa ifjokjksa osQ vU; lacaèkh Hkh vk tkrs gSaA tc ,d O;fDr fookg djrk gS rks mls LoHkkor% ;g
irk pyrk gS fd fookg uked laLFkk us u osQoy nks L=kh iq#"k osQ chp lacaèk LFkkfir fd;k gS] cfYd
bu nksuksa ls lacafèkr vU; O;fDr ,d&nwljs ls lac¼ gks x, gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ] fookg osQ i'pkr~ ,d iq#"k
osQoy ,d ifr gh ugha curk] cfYd cguksbZ] nkekn] thtk] iwQiQk] uunksbZ] ekSlk] lk<w vkfn Hkh cu
tkrk gSA blh izdkj ,d L=kh Hkh fookg osQ i'pkr~ iRuh cuus osQ vykok iq=k&oèkw HkkHkh] nsojkuh]
tsBkuh] pkph] ekeh vkfn Hkh cu tkrh gSA blesa ls izR;sd lacaèk osQ vkèkkj nks O;fDr gSa] tSls
lkyk&cguksbZ] lkl&nkekn] lkyh&thtk] nsoj&HkkHkh] ifr&iRuh] lkl&oèkw vkfnA bl izdkj ls fookg]
}kjk lac¼ leLr lacafèk;ksa ;k ukrsnkjh dks fookg&lacaèkh dgrs gSaA
2- jDr&lacaèkh ukrsnkjhµosQ varZxr os yksx vkrs gSa tks leku jDr osQ vkèkkj ij ,d&nwljs ls lacafèkr
gksaA mnkgj.k osQ fy, ekrk&firk vkSj muosQ cPpksa osQ chp vFkok nks Hkkb;ksa osQ chp ;k nks HkkbZ&cgu
osQ chp dk lacaèk jDr osQ vkèkkj ij gh vkèkkfjr gSA bl lacaèk esa ;g Hkh Lej.kh; gS fd jDr&lacaèkh
ukrssnkjksa esa jDr&lacaèk okLrfod Hkh gks ldrk gS vkSj dkYifud HkhA nwljs 'kCnksa esa jDr&lacaèk osQoy

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