Page 171 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

lkekftd laLFkk,¡

uksV bl dkj.k bls Hkh cgqr cM+h vkfFkZd lgk;rk nh tkrh gSA vxj ge fo'ys"k.kkRed n`f"V ls ns[ksa rks Hkkjrh;
laLÑfr dk ljdkj dk tks cksèk (Perception) gS og ,d oaQiksf”kV dYpj dk gSA
Hkkjr esa tks iztkrkaf=kd O;oLFkk gS og Hkkjrh; laLÑfr] ijaijk] Hkk"kk vkSj dyk dk gh ,d Lo:i gSA ge
tc bl rjg dh ijaijkxr lkekftd O;oLFkk esa jk"Vª fuekZ.k djuk pkgrs gSa rc pqukSfr;k¡ vkuk LokHkkfod
gS_ bldk ewy dkj.k ;g gS fd iztkra=k dh voèkkj.kk] mldh èkeZ fujis{krk] vius ewy esa ;wjksi dh gS_
bldh tM+sa ogk¡ gSaA ;gk¡ tc ge bls veyh tkek igukrs gSa rks gekjh lkekftd O;oLFkk bls izHkkfor vo';
djrh gSA gekjh lkekftd laLFkk,¡ tSls tkfr] xk¡o] iapk;rsa] fL=k;ksa dh fLFkfr] mifuos'koknh&lkearoknh
eukso`fÙk;k¡ bls izHkkfor vo'; djrh gSaA ge fdlh Hkh èkeZ fujis{k ;kstuk dks ykxw djrs gSa rc lkekftd
vkSj lkaLÑfrd pqukSfr;k¡ eq¡g ck;sa [kM+h gks tkrh gSaA ;wjksi vkSj vesfjdk esa iztkra=k osQ lkeus iztkfrokn dk
elyk vk tkrk gSA bu dfBukb;ksa vkSj pqukSfr;ksa osQ gksrs gq, Hkh geus bl ns'k esa iztkra=k dks fodflr gksus
osQ fy, vPNs volj fn, gSaA ikfdLrku esa ,slk ugha gqvk gSA ogk¡ iztkra=k dks iQkSth gqowQer us dbZ ckj
yydkjk gSA Jhyadk esa Hkh fLFkfr fujkin ugha gSA ysfdu fdlh Hkh jk"Vª osQ fuekZ.k esa bl rjg dh pqukSfr;k¡
vkuk dksbZ ubZ ckr ugha gSA
fu"d"kZr% dg ldrs gSa fd bl ns'k esa lHkh oLrq,¡ jktuhfrd blfy, gS fd ;gk¡ iztkra=k dh ekStwnxh gSA
o"kks± ls ,d jktuhfrd izrkM+uk ls ihfM+r ;g lekt viuh nch gqbZ vis{kkvksa dks iwjk djuk pkgrk gSA Hkkjrh;
lekt oLrqr% ,d Ñ"kd lekt gSA blus viuk laiw.kZ thou xjhch esa dkVk gSA bls lkekftd :i ls nck;k
x;k gS vkSj vc blfy, ;g viuh jktuhfrd igpku cukuk pkgrk gS vkSj ;gh dkj.k gS fd ijaijkxr
laLFkk,¡µla;qDr ifjokj] tkfr] ukrsnkjh] xk¡o bR;kfn iztkra=k dh yM+kbZ iwjh rkdr ls yM+uk pkgrh gSA

12-11 lkjka'k (Summary)

l varjkZ"Vªh; jaxeap ij vkjaHk ls gh jkT; lcls egÙoiw.kZ bdkbZ le>k tkrk jgk gSA bl ckjs esa ;g
ekU;rk vke gS fd ;g ,d ,slk Hkw&Hkkx o {ks=k gS ftlij jkT; dk ,d&N=k vfèkdkj jgrk gS] tgk¡
mldh laizHkq lÙkk dks dksbZ pqukSrh ugha ns ldrkA ;gk¡ ;g tksM+us dh ”k:jr gS fd jk"Vª&jkT; osQ mn;
osQ igys jkT; dh bl Hkwfe dks 'kkld dh futh laifÙk le>k tkrk Fkk ftldk gLrkarj.k og viuh
bPNkuqlkj dj ldrk FkkA
+
l vkèkqfud jkT; osQ ckjs esa tks ckr ugha cnyh] og laizHkqrk ls tqM+h gSA varjkZ"Vªh; OkQkuwu dk fodkl
yxHkx jk"Vª&jkT; dh fodkl ;k=kk osQ lkFk&lkFk gqvk gSA vkèkqfud jkT; ,d laizHkq vkSj Lokèkhu
bdkbZ gSA ikjaifjd O;oLFkk esa 'kkld dk O;fDrRo jkT; dk i;kZ; le>k tkrk Fkk vkSj laizHkqrk 'kkld
esa gh ewfrZeku] izR;{k ns[kh tkrh jgh gSA
la;qDr jk"Vª la?k ?kks"k.kk dh i=k èkkjk 14 esa ;g Lohdkj djrk gS fd jkT; vkilh lacaèkksa dks laizHkqrk
l
+
osQ fl¼kar vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; OkQkuwu osQ vuqlkj lapkfyr djsaxsA
l jk"Vª&jkT; dh voèkkj.kk esa ;g varfuZfgr gS fd jkT; dh igpku osQ lkFk jk"Vªh;rk dk rRo vfHkUu
:i ls tqM+k jgsxkA jk"Vª&jkT; osQ ukxfjd ;g ckr Lohdkj djrs gSa fd muosQ lkewfgd fgr fdlh nwljs
jk"Vª&jkT; osQ ukxfjdksa osQ lkewfgd fgrksa dh rqyuk esa vfèkd lkE; j[krs gSaA
l HkweaMyhdj.k ,d ,slh izfozQ;k gS ftlosQ varxZr varjkZ"Vªh; txr osQ cgqvk;keh igyw ,d&nwljs osQ
lkFk xqFks gq, gSaµvkfFkZd] jktuSfrd ,oa lkaLÑfrdA ,d vksj foosaQnzhdj.k rks nwljh vksj {ks=kh;
,dhdj.k dh izfozQ;k,¡ lkFk&lkFk py jgh gSaA HkweaMyhdj.k us jk"Vª&jkT; dks izHkkfor rks fd;k gS]
ij ;g ugha dgk tk ldrk fd mlosQ Lo:i dks vHkh rd cqfu;knh rkSj ls cnyk gSA
l vkèkqfud jkT; vHkh Hkh ,d ^y{;* gh gSµ,d ,slk liuk ftls lkdkj fd;k tkuk ckdh gSA bl lanHkZ
esa ;g ;kn j[kuk mi;ksxh gksxk fd fo'oHkj esa ekU;rk izkIr djus osQ fy, ;g vkèkqfud jkT; dh

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