Page 179 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_HINDI

bdkbZ—9% tsjseh csUFke

lq[k&nq%[k dh ek=kk ij cy nsrk gSA ;fn ,d dk;Z ls lq[k dh vfèkd ek=kk mRiUu gksrh gS rks og vfèkd vPNk uksV
lq[k gS] fdUrq leL;k ;g gS fd lq[k&nq%[k dk fu'p; oSQls fd;k tk;s\ budh ek=kk dk fuèkkZj.k djus osQ fy,
csUFke us ^lq[koknh ekid ;U=k* (Hedonistic Calculus) dk vkfo"dkj fd;k ftlosQ vuqlkj lq[kksa vkSj nq%][kksa
dks rqyukRed <ax ls oqQN dlkSfV;ksa ij dlk tkrk gS vkSj mudh ek=kk dks ukik tkrk gSA blosQ vkèkkj fofHkUu
izdkj osQ dk;ks± ;k oLrqvksa ls izkIr gksus okys lq[kksa dk ewY; Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA blosQ fufeÙk csUFke us fdlh
dk;Z osQ lEcUèk esa vusd ifjfLFkfr;ksa ;k rRoksa dk mYys[k fd;k gS ftuosQ vkèkkj ij lq[k ;k nq%[k osQ de ;k
vfèkd gksus dk Kku fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;s dlkSfV;k¡ 7 gSaμ1- rhozrk (Intensity)] 2- fLFkjrk (Duration)] 3-
fuf'prrk (Certainty)] 4- fudiVrk vFkok nwjrk (Propinquity or Remoteness)] 5- tuu&'kfDr (Fecun-
dity)] 6- fo'kq¼rk (Purity) rFkk 7- foLrkj (Extent)A csUFke osQ fopkjksa dks Li"V djrs gq, osij us fy[kk gS]
¶tc ge lq[kksa dh x.kuk djrs gSa rks gesa mudh rhozrk vkSj fLFkjrk dks è;ku esa j[kuk pkfg,] gesa mudh fuf'prrk
vkSj vfuf'prrk dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg, D;ksafd og lq[k tks vfèkd fuf'pr gksrk gS mls lq[k dh rqyuk esa vfèkd
gksrk gS tks lq[k de fuf'pr gksrk gSA mudh fudVrk ,oa nwjh Hkh gekjh x.kuk esa vkuh pkfg,] og lq[k tks vfèkd
fudV gksrk gS vFkok vfèkd ljyrk ls izkI; gksrk gS ml lq[k ls vfèkd gksrk gS tks nwj gksrk gS vkSj ftls ikus
esa vfèkd dfBukbZ gksrk gSA gesa mudh tuu&'kfDr vkSj mudh fo'kq¼rk ij Hkh fopkj djuk pkfg, D;ksafd ,slk
lq[k vfèkd vkuUnnk;d gksrk gS ftlosQ ihNs mlh izdkj osQ vU; lq[k Hkh tqM+s gksa------A¸

csUFke osQ vuqlkj] lq[koknh ekid ;U=k ls fdlh izo`fÙk ls mRiUu gksus okys lq[kksa vkSj nq%[kksa dk ewY;k¡du djrs
gq, mUgsa nks iyM+ksa esa rksysaA ;fn buesa ls lq[kksa okyk iyM+k Hkkjh gks rks og izo`fÙk mi;ksxh gS vkSj ;fn nq%[kksa
okyk iyM+k Hkkjh gk rks og izo`fÙk vuqi;ksxh gksxhA csUFke osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶leLr lq[k osQ leLr ewY;ksa dks ,d
vksj rFkk leLr nq%[kksa osQ leLr ewY;ksa dks nwljh vksj ,df=kr dj ysuk pkfg, ;fn ,d dks nwljs esa ls ?kVkdj
lq[k 'ks"k jg tkrk gS rks veqd dk;Z Bhd gS] yfdu ;fn 'ks"k nq%[k jgs rks ;g le> ysuk pkfg, fd veqd
dk;Z Bhd ugha gSA¸
lq[k dh ek=kk leku gks rks cPpksa dk [ksy gks ;k dfork] ,d gh ckr gSμcsUFke nks lq[kksa esa osQoy la[;kRed
(ek=kkRed) Js"Brk dk foèkku djrk gS vFkkZr~ xq.k dh n`f"V ls lHkh lq[k leku gSaA ;fn muesa dksbZ vUrj gS rks
og vfèkd vkSj de dk vUrj gSA mlosQ vuqlkj] x.kuk djus ls tks Hkh lq[k ek=kk esa vfèkd gks] mls viukuk
pkfg,A lq[kksa dh ek=kk leku gksrh gS [ksyus] i<+us vkSj euksjatu ls leku lq[k feyrs gSaA csUFke osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶lq[k
dh ek=kk leku gksus ij iq'kfiu (cPpksa dk [ksy) vkSj dfork dk jlkLoknu nksuksa ,d gh dksfV osQ vkuUn gSaA¸
(Quality of pleasure being equal pushpin is as good as poetry) nq%[kksa esa Hkh csUFke xq.kkRed Hksn ugha
djrk gSA mlh osQ 'kCnksa esa] ¶,d dhy osQ pqHkus ls mruh gh ihM+k gksrh gS ftruh fd ,d doZQ'k dfork lquus
lsA¸ (There is no differecnce between a purpush and a piece of poetry.’’) og ;g Hkh dgrk gS]
¶vfèkdre lq[k dh x.kuk djus esa izR;sd O;fDr dks ,d ekuk tk;sxk vkSj fdlh dks Hkh ,d ls vfèkd ugha
ekuk tk;sxkA¸
jkT; dk mís'; vfèkdre yksxksa dk vfèkdre lq[kμcsUFke osQ vuqlkj jkT; osQ vkns'kksa dk iky blfy, gksrk
gS fd ;g mi;ksxh gS vkSj lkekU; fgr rFkk lq[k dks c<+us okyk gSA jkT; osQ fu;eksa osQ vkKk&ikyu ls gksus okys
ykHk vkKk Hkax osQ nq"ifj.kkeksa ls vfèkd gSA csUFke dh n`f"V esa jkT; dk vkèkkj mi;ksfxrk ls mRiUu gkssus okyh
vkKk&ikyu dh vknr gSA bl izdkj jktuhfr osQ {ks=k esa mi;ksfxrk dk fl¼kar dkuwus iznku djus okyksa dk rFkk
'kklu dk ekxZn'kZu djrk gSA

dkuwu dk è;s; vfèkdre O;fDr;ksa dk vfèkdre lq[kμcsUFke osQ vuqlkj] 'kklu vkSj dkuwu dh mRifÙk vkSj
vfLrRo mudh lkekU; mi;ksfxrk ij fuHkZj gS vkSj mudk ikyu Hkh yksx blfy, djrs gSa fd os mi;ksxh gSaA vr%
og bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaprk gS fd dkuwu fuekZ.k Hkh mi;ksfxrk osQ fl¼kar osQ vuqowQy gksuk pkfg,A ;fn jkT; osQ
dkuwu mi;ksfxrk dh dlkSVh ij [kjs u mrjsaaaa rks mUgsa cny nsuk pkfg,A vPNk dkuwu ogh gS ftlls vfèkdre
O;fDr;ksa dh vfèkdre HkykbZ gksrh gksA

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