Page 276 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_HINDI

ik'pkR; jktuhfr&fopkj

uksV jktuhfrd lkfgR; esa cgqr mPp dksfV dk vè;k; gSA ;g vè;k; fey dh x.kuk feYVu] fLiukstk] okYVs;j]
:lks] isu] tsiQlZu rFkk LorU=krk osQ vU; egkjfFk;ksa esa djrk gSA¸
LorU=krk lacaèkh bl fucUèk osQ dkj.k fey dh x.kuk LorU=krk osQ egkure~ iqtkfj;ksa esa dh tkrh gSA LorU=krk
dh voèkkj.kk dks iwjh rjg le£ir viuh rjg dh ;g igyh jpuk gSA blesa LorU=krk dk izfriknu&fo'ys"k.k
,oa fp=k.k èkkjk&izokg Hkk"kk esa vkSj rk£dd 'kSyh esa fd;k x;kA blosQ ckjs esa dgk tkrk gS fd ;g lHkh rjg
osQ fujaoqQ'krkokn osQ fo#¼ ,d ?kks"k.k i=k gSA ;g iqLrd lkekftd ,oa jktuhfrd LorU=krk ij lokZfèkd
rk£dd ,oa eq[kj jpuk gS] blhfy, fey dh ^fycVhZ* dks fo'o osQ jktuhfrd lkfgR; loZJs"B Ñfr;ksa esa ekuk
tkrk gSA
fey us Lo;a dgk gS fd mlosQ firk dh ih<+h osQ miksfxrkoknh mnkjoknh 'kklu dks blfy, ilUn ugha djrs Fks
fd mlls LorU=krk izkIr gksxh] cfYd blfy, ilUn djrs Fks fd og ,d l{ke 'kklu gksxkA tc csUFke us izcq¼
fujaoqQ'krk dks NksM+dj mnkjokn dks viuk;k rc mlus fooj.k dh oqQN ckrksa dks NksM+dj vkSj oqQN ugha cnyk FkkA
fey osQ fopkj vkSj vuqlUèkku dh LorU=krk] foospu dh LorU=krk vkSj Lofu;fU=kr uSfrd fu.kZ; rFkk dk;Z dh
LorU=krk vius vki esa gh vPNh phtsa FkhaA bu vkn'kks± us mlosQ ân; esa ,slk mRlkg rFkk pSrU; tkx`r fd;k tks
mldh vU; jpukvksa esa ugha fn[kk;h nsrkA bu xq.kksa osQ dkj.k gh fey dk LorU=krk lacaèkh xzUFk LorU=krk ij fy[kk
x;k lokZfèkd yksdfiz; ,oa p£pr xzUFk ekuk x;kA ,d lkS pkyhl o"kZ mlus ftl rk£dd ,oa l'kDr 'kSyh esa
fopkj ,oa vfHkO;fDr dh vktknh dk izfriknu fd;k] mldh vuqxwat vkt mu ns'kksa esa Hkh lqukbZ nsus yxh gS] tks
tkus&vutkus esa fey dk vieku ,oa frjLdkj djus esa etk ysrs FksA

^vku fycVhZ* iqLrd us mi;ksfxrk osQ lkfgR; esa ,d u;s Loj dks tUe fn;kA

LorU=krk D;ksa vko';d\ (Why Liberty)μtkWu LVqvVZ fey osQ ;qx esa jktuhfrd vkSj vk£Fkd ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa
dkiQh ifjorZu vk x;k FkkA jkT; dh 'kfDr;ka vkSj dk;Z{ks=k fujUrj c<+rk tk jgk FkkA csUFke osQ fopkjksa ls izHkkfor
jkT; thou osQ fofoèk {ks=kksa esa vfèkdkfèkd fofèk;ksa dk fuekZ.k djus yxs FksA tufgr osQ uke ij 'kklu thou osQ
fofHk {ks=kksa osQ fu;eu gsrq fofèk fuekZ.k djus yx x;s FksA fczfV'k ik£y;kes.V us cky Je lacaèkh fofèk;ksa dh jpuk
dh Fkh ftuls ckydksa dh viuh vkthfodk dekus dh LorU=krk vkSj ekrk&firk dh mUgsa dke ij Hkstus dh
LorU=krk lhfer gks x;h FkhA csUFkeokn osQ ifj.kkeLo:i jkT; dk dk;Z {ks=k c<+k] ljdkjh lsokvksa osQ foLrkj ljdkj
osQ vkdkj esa o`f¼ gqbZ vkSj fofèk;ksa dh c<+rh gqbZ la[;k ls O;fDr;ksa dh LorU=krk ij dbZ izfrcUèk yxus yxsA baXyS.M
esa ,d cgl py iM+hμO;fDr ;k jkT;A dkSu lkè; gS] dkSu lkèku\ fiQj fofèk fuekZ.k osQ {ks=k esa laln loksZPp
Fkh] cgqer dh bPNkvksa osQ ;ksx dk izfrfufèkRo djus okys mlosQ dk;Z thou osQ izR;sd {ks=k esa gLr{ksi dj ldrs FksA
fey dks Mj Fkk fd LorU=krk osQ fy, lcls cM+k [krjk ljdkj dh vkSj ls ugha vkrk cfYd ,sls cgqer dh vksj
ls vkrk gS tks u;s fopkjksa osQ izfr vlfg".kq gksrk gS] tks fojksèkh vYila[;dksa dks lUnsg dh n`f"V ls ns[krk gS vkSj
tks vius cgqer osQ tksj ls mudks nck nsuk pkgrk gSA ;g ,d ,slh lEHkkouk Fkh ftlosQ ckjs esa iqjkuh ih<+h osQ
mnkjokfn;ksa us dHkh fopkj ugha fd;k FkkA mudh eq[; leL;k ;g jgh Fkh fd lÙkk:<+ vYila[;d oxZ osQ gkFkksa
ls 'kklu lw=k vius gkFk esa ys ysus ls lkjh leL;kvksa dk lekèkku gks tk;sxkA tsEl fey dk fopkj Fkk fd
izfrfufèkRo osQ lqèkkj] erkfèkdkj osQ foLrkj vkSj FkksM+h&lh lkoZtfud f'k{kk osQ }kjk jktuhfrd LorU=krk dh leLr
xEHkhj leL;k,¡ lqy> tk;saxhA 1859 rd ;g ckr Li"V gks x;h Fkh fd bu leLr lqèkkjksa osQ gks tkus osQ ckn Hkh
okafNr ifj.kke izkIr ugha gqvkA jktuhfrd laxBu osQ pØO;wg es LorU=krk osQ vfHkeU;q dh j{kk djuk cgqr cM+h
leL;k cuk gqvk FkkA iqjkus mnkjoknh bl ckr dks ugha le> losQ Fks] ysfdu ts- ,l- fey us ckr dks iwjh rjg

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