Page 279 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV i;kZIr ek=kk esa gksuh pkfg,A bu lwpukvksa osQ fcuk mfpr uhfr dk fuekZ.k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA 'kklu
dh lwpukvksa osQ xSj ljdkjh nku osQ :i esa ncko lewg egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk djrs gSaA
3- iz'kklu dks izHkkfor djus okyk laxBu% ncko lewg vktdy ,d ,slh laLFkk osQ :i esa ifjo£rr
gks pqosQ gSa tks 'kklu dks ,d [kkl lhek rd izHkkfor djrh gSaA ncko lewg brus 'kfDr'kkyh vkSj
laxfBr gks pqosQ gSa fd ;s vius LokFkZ vkSj fgr osQ fy, 'kklu O;oLFkk ij mi;ksxh izHkko Mky ldrs gSaA
4- ljdkj dh fujaoqQ'krk dks lhfer djus okyk laxBu% vkèkqfud 'kklu O;oLFkk esa osQUnzh;dj.k dh
izo`fÙk c<+us osQ dkj.k lkjh 'kfDr;k¡ osQUnz osQ gkFkksa esa bdV~Bh gksrh tk jgh gSa fdUrq ;s ncko&lewg
vius izHkko vkSj 'kfDr;ksa }kjk osQUnzh; fujaoqQ'krk dks lhfer djrs gSaA bl izdkj osQUnz 'kfDr;ksa dk
nq#i;ksx ugha dj ldrkA

5- iz'kklu vkSj lekt esa larqyu LFkkfir djus okyk laxBu% ncko lewg vius izHkko vkSj vfLrRo
}kjk fofHkUu fgrksa esa larqyu LFkkfir djrs gq, fdlh ,d lÙkk dks vR;fèkd izHkko'kkyh gksus ls jksdrs
gSaA O;kikjh] fdlku] etnwj] foèkkFkhZ] fL=k;k¡] tkfr vkSj èkk£ed leqnk; lHkh vius&vius fgrksa dh j{kk
djuk pkgrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj bu lewgksa dh izfr;ksfxrk vkSj mifLFkfr ls iz'kklu vkSj lekt esa larqyu
LFkkfir gksrk gSA ;g larqyu futh LokFkks± dh o`f¼ ij vaoqQ'k dk dke djrk gSA vr% fofHkUu ncko
lewg lekt esa larqyudÙkkZ osQ :i esa dk;Z djrs gSaA

bl izdkj ncko lewgksa dk egÙo vR;ar O;kid gksrk tk jgk gSA vkèkqfud yksdrkaf=kd lekt esa ;s ncko lewg
'kkldksa dks cuus vkSj fcxkM+us dh Hkwfedk Hkh vnk dj jgs gSaA os lÙkk:<+ ny dks euekuh djus ls jksdrs gSa vkSj
lekt esa jktuhfrd igjsnkj dk dk;Z djrs gSaA lpeqp ncko lewg vkt dh O;kogkfjd jktuhfrd osQ O;kogkfjd
vax cu pqosQ gSa ftUgsa lekIr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)μ
1- ncko lewgksa dk mís'; osQoy futh ykHk osQ fy, gksrk gS tc --------- osQ mís'; dk lEcUèk
lEiw.kZ lekt osQ fy, gksrk gSA
2- ,d gh le; esa dksbZ O;fDr vusd jktuhfrd nyksa dk lnL; ugha cu ldrk tcfd dksbZ
O;fDr ,d gh le; esa ,d ls vfèkd --------- dk lnL; cu ldrk gSA
3- pqukoksa ls lhèkk lEcUèk --------- dk gksrk gSA
4- ncko lewgksa dk egRo 'kklu osQ fy, lwpuk,¡ ,df=kr djus okys --------- osQ :i esa Hkh gSA
5- ncko lewg --------- esa larqyu LFkkfir djus okys laxBu osQ :i esa Hkh dk;Z djrs gSaA
11-4 lkjka'k (Summary)

lekt esa fofHkUu izdkj osQ fgr ik;s tkrs gSa] tSlsμetnwj] Ñ"kd] m|ksxifr] f'k{kd O;olk;h vkfnA
tc dksbZ NksVk vFkok cM+k fgr laxfBr :i èkkj.k dj ysrk gS rc mls fgr&lewg (Interest Group)

dgk tkrk gSA bl lewg dk mís'; vius lnL;ksa osQ fofoèk lkekftd] vk£Fkd vkSj O;kolkf;d fgrksa
dh j{kk djuk gksrk gSA tc dksbZ fgr&lewg vius mís';ksa dh iw£r osQ fy, ljdkj ls lgk;rk pkgus
yxrk gS ;k vius lnL;ksa osQ fgrksa osQ vuqowQy la'kks/u osQ fy, foèkk;dksa dks izHkkfor djus yxrk gS
rc mls ncko lewg (Pressure Group) dgk tkrk gSA
fgr vFkok ncko&lewg ,sfPNd (voluntary) vkSj xSj&jktuhfrd (non-political) laxBu gksrs gSaA budh
lnL;rk dk vkèkkj buosQ lnL;ksa osQ chp leku fgr dh psruk vkSj leku fgr dh o`f¼ osQ fy, iz;Ru
gksrs gSaA budk lEcUèk fdlh jktuhfrd ny ls izR;{k :i ls ugha gksrk vkSj u ;s fdlh jktuhfrd ny

274 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY