Page 115 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—6% Hkkjr esa tkfr&O;oLFkk

dkj.k rFkk oapukvksa osQ dkj.k mRiUu gq, tkfr la?k"kZ osQ lcls vPNs mnkgj.k fcgkj esa feyrs gSaA czkã.k] uksV
Hkwfegj] jktiwr] vkSj dk;LFk tkfr;ka lnSo gh mPp fiNM+h tkfr;ksa tSls] ;kno] oqQehZ] vkSj dksjh vkfn ls rFkk
èkuqd] oqQEgkj yksgkj] eqYyk_ rsyh o oqQekj tSlh fuEu fiNM+h tkfr;ksa ls la?k"kZjr jgh gSaA ekpZ 1990 rFkk
vDVwcj 1994 osQ chp fcgkj esa 30 ls Hkh vfèkd tkfr gR;kvksa dh ?kVuk,a gqb±A xr 15 o"kks± esa lcls ?k`f.kr
ujlagkj gq, os Fksμ12 iQjojh 1992 dks x;k ls 40 fdyksehVj nwj ¶ckjk¸ xkao esa tgka 44 mPp tkfr osQ
Hkwfegjksa dks 1500 fiNM+h tkfr osQ ,e-lh-lh- vkØkUrkvksa }kjk ekSr osQ ?kkV mrkj fn;k x;k_ 23 fnlEcj 1991
dk ujlagkj ftlesa mPp tkfr osQ lo.kZ eqfDr ekspsZ (,l-,y-,iQ) osQ lnL;ksa }kjk 10 fuEu tkfr osQ ekvksoknh
lkE;oknh osQUnz (,e-lh-lh-) osQ lnL;ksa dh fueZe gR;k dj nh_ ,l-,y-,iQ (Diamond) osQ Hkwfegjksa }kjk ,e-
lh-lh- osQ fiNM+s oxZ osQ 10 leFkZdksa dh gR;k tks fd ehu vkSj ckjflEgk esa dh xbZ_ 1987 dh
nysypd&Hkxqokjk (vkSjaxkckn) dh mPp tkfr osQ O;fDr;ksa dh gR;k_ rFkk 1987 esa pspkuh esa lkr ;knoksa dh
gR;k osQ cnys osQ mís'; ls dh xbZ 54 jktiwrksa dh xksyh ekjdj gR;k] vkfnA blls iwoZ ebZ 1977 esa csyph
esa èkuh oqQehZ HkwLokfe;ksa }kjk vkB gfjtuksa dks ftUnk tyk fn;k x;k Fkk] vkSj 1978 esa foJkeiqj esa vusd
Hkwfeghu Jfedksa dks oqQ£e;ksa }kjk ftUnk tyk fn;k x;k FkkA blh izdkj 1980 osQ n'kd osQ vU; gR;kdk.M tks
fd cgqr vPNh rjg lHkh dks Kkr gSa] bl izdkj gSaμikjlch?kk vkSj tikZ esa Hkwfegjksa }kjk ;knoksa dk ujlagkj]
nksfgtk esa ;knoksa }kjk Hkwfegjksa dh gR;k] rFkk oqQ£e;ksa }kjk foJkeiqj] csfu;kiV~Vh] pUnknkuksa] xksikyiqj dfy;k]
ihijk vkSj iqijh esa fd, x, gfjtuksa dk ujlagkjA
fcgkj osQ xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa c<+rs gq, tkfr&oxZ ruko] tkfr&oxZ dh futh lsukvksa osQ xBcUèku osQ iQyLo:i mn;
gqvkA ekvksLV dE;wfuLV lsUVj (,e-lh-lh) 1970 osQ izkjEHk esa ,d uDlyoknh usrk }kjk LFkkfir fd;k x;kA
bl laxBu us vkaèkzizns'k osQ tu laxzke lewg (People’s War Group, ;kfu PWG) ls xBcUèku fd;k] ;|fi
bu nksuksa laxBuksa esa oSpkfjd Hksn gSaA fcgkj esa tc dHkh dfBukbZ gksrh gS rc dkiQh la[;k esa ,e-lh-lh- osQ lnL;
ØkfUrdkjh jkLrs viukrs gSa ftlls fd os tkfr o oxZ osQ 'k=kqvksa dk fouk'k dj losaQA ,e-lh-lh- esa eq[;r%
fiNM+h tkfr osQ yksx lnL; gSa vkSj x;k] vkSjaxkckn] gtkjh ckx o ikykeMk ftyksa osQ lSdM+ksa xkaoksa ij budk
opZLo gSA gky esa gh bUgksaus ¶tu lqj{kk la?k"kZ eap¸ dh LFkkiuk dh gSA ,e-lh-lh- ¶jaxnkjh dj¸ Hkh BsosQnkjksa
rFkk cM+s tehankjksa ls nSfud [kpsZ osQ pykus osQ fy, olwy djrh gSA
mPp tkrh; HkwLokfe;ksa us vius izHkqRo ij pqukSrh ns[kdj ¶lo.kZ eqfDr ekspkZ¸ (Savarna Liberation Front
;kfu SLF) dk laxBu fd;kA ,l-,y-,iQ dks vk£Fkd lgk;rk nsus okys ,d lkaln o nks foèkk;d le>s tk
jgs gSaA ,y-,y-,iQ- us ,e-lh-lh dks 1992 osQ ckjk gR;kdk.M osQ cnys dh dk;Zokgh dh èkedh Hkh nh FkhA
bu ujlagkjksa dh xEHkhjrk osQ ckotwn Hkh yksx iqfyl osQ lkFk lg;ksx ugha djrs gSa D;ksafd iz'kklu esa yksxksa dk
fo'okl mB x;k gSA
oqQN yksx fcgkj osQ bu ujlagkjksa dks tkfr la?k"kZ dh vis{kk Ñf"k lEcUèkh vlarks"k dgrs gSaA fdUrq lk{;ksa ls ;g
fl¼ ugha gksrk D;ksafd mPp tkfr osQ yksxksa us vfèkdrj eè;e Js.kh osQ fdlkuksa dh gR;k dh gS ftuosQ ikl
vkSlru 5 ch?kk rd gh Hkwfe FkhA mPp tkfr osQ yksx Hkwfe lqèkkjksa esa de ls de #fp j[krs gSaA os rks ^tokgj
jkstxkj ;kstuk* tSlh ;kstukvksa esa Hkh ckèkk mRiUu djrs gSa ftldk mís'; xjhc oxZ dh lgk;rk djuk gSA os
ml èku jkf'k dks Hkh gM+ius dk iz;Ru djrs gSa tks fuEu tkfr osQ xjhc yksxksa esa forjhr djus osQ fy, gksrh
gSA mPp tkfr;ksa esa ,sls HkwLokeh Hkh gSa ftu osQ ikl 1]000 ,dM+ rd Hkwfe gSA U;wure etnwjh vfèkfu;e Hkh
etkd cu dj jg x;k gSA fcgkj osQ vfèkdrj {ks=kksa esa cUèkqvk etnwjh (bonded labour) osQ :i esa xqykeh
izFkk vkt Hkh izpfyr gS ftlls gtkjksa etnwjksa dks 'kks"k.k dk f'kdkj rFkk ukjdh; thou Hkksxuk iM+ jgk gSA oqQN
LoSfPNd laxBuksa osQ iz;Ruksa dks mPp tkfr osQ HkwLokfe;ksa }kjk iz'kklfud vfèkdkfj;ksa ls feydj fujFkZd ,oa
u"V dj fn;k tk jgk gSA
mijksDr foospu }kjk Li"V gS fd mPp tkfr;ksa }kjk fuEu tkfr;ksa rFkk fiNM+h tkfr;ksa dk 'kks"k.k] fiNM+h tkfr;ksa

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