Page 162 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV ifjfLFkfr lgk;d ;k mdlkus okyh yxh rks mUgksaus fgalk dk iz;ksx fd;kA bu fgalkRed dk;ks± osQ
vfrfjDr ;s vijkèkh fopfyr O;ogkj dk thou O;rhr ugha dj jgs FksA
15- O;fDrRo dh fo'ks"krk,a (Personality Traits)μfgalk&izo`Ùk O;fDrRo dh igpku djus okyh fo'ks"krk,¡
;s gSa_ vR;fèkd 'kDdh] okluke;] izHkkoh] foosdghu] O;fHkpkjh] vklkuh ls HkkokRed :i ls v'kkar]
bZ";kZyq] LoRokRed (possessive) vkSj csbalkiQA tks fo'ks"krk,a izkjafHkd thou esa fodflr gks tkrh gSa]
os o;Ldrk esa ,d osQ vkozQe.k'khy O;ogkj dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA vkozQked dk cPps osQ :i esa
nqO;Zogkj vkSj@;k cpiu esa fgalk osQ izHkko esa vkus dks mlosQ fgalkRed O;ogkj dk vè;;u djrs le;
ijh{k.k vo'; djuk pkfg;sA mnkgj.kkFkZ] oqQN ifRu dks ihVus okyksa osQ izdj.k esa muosQ cpiu]
fd'kksjkoLFkk vkSj o;Ldrk osQ izkjafHkd o"kks± osQ vuqHko ;g crykrs gSa fd mUgksaus lHkh HkkokRed :i
ls nq[kn laosQrksa osQ tokc jks"kiw.kZ ,oa fgalkRed O;ogkj ls nsuk lh[kkA nq[kh ifjokfjd thou] ftlesa
'kkjhfjd funZ;rk ;k Hk;adj HkkokRed frjLdkj (rejection) jgk gks] vfèkdka'k vkozQedksa osQ izdj.k esa
;g fu;e cu tkrk gSA oqQN o;Ld vkozQkedksa us vius cpiu@fd'kksjkoLFkk esa vius ifjokj esa ,slh
ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk fd;k tkrk gS] ftuesa mUkgksaus lnSo ekrk&firk dks ,d nwljs ij fpyykrs gq;s
lquk vkSj NksVs ls NksVs cgkus ij muosQ firk }kjk mudh (cPpksa dh) fiVkbZ gqbZA vDlj muosQ firk 'kjkc
osQ u'ks esa èkqr ?kj ykSVrs vkSj lkjs ?kj esa fpYykrs gq, vkSj phtksa dks rksM+rs gq;s ?kwers jgrsA fgalkiw.kZ
?kj esa iyus osQ ifj.kkeLo:i O;fDr;ksa dk vfuok;Z:i ls O;ogkj fgalkiw.kZ gks tkrk gS vkSj ;s O;fDr
o;Ld thou esa vkozQed gks tkrs gSaA ,yisQjks (1978), ikSV~l] gtZcxZj vkSj gkySUM (1979) vkSj isaQxu]
LVqoVZ vkSj gsUlu (1981) us Hkh fgalkRed iq#"kksa vkSj muosQ cPpksa ij fd;s vius vkuqHkfod vè;;uksa
esa Hkh bl izdkj dk ikjLifjd lacaèk cryk;k gSA bl izdkj ge dg ldrs gSa fd vkozQkedksa dh cM+h
la[;k cky nqO;Zogkj vkSj ikfjokfjd fgalk dh f'kdkj gksrh gS vkSj cPps osQ :i esa ;fn
dksbZ fgalk ls izHkkfor gksrk gS rks lkèkkj.kr;k mldh O;LdkoLFkk esa fgalkRed gks tkus dh laHkkouk c<+
tkrh gSA

16- fgalkiw.kZ O;ogkj dh lS¼kfUrd O;k[;k (Theoretical Explanation of Violent Behaviour)μfgalk
ij tks lS¼kfUrd ckrsa lkeus vkrh gSa os gSa% D;k fgalk HkM+dkus dh ,d lkekU; izfrfozQ;k gS] ;k og
fdlh ekufld foo`Qfr dks fudkyus dk ,d rjhdk gS] ;k og fdlh mís'; ;k iqjLdkj dh izkfIr osQ
fy;s ,d midj.k gS] ;k og ,d ,slh izfrfozQ;k gS tks mu izfrekuksa osQ vuq:i gS tks blosQ iz;ksx dk
leFkZu djrs gSa\ bu lcdh O;k[;k dj nh xbZ gSA esjk viuk oSpkfjd <kapk (conceptual framework)
,d lef"Voknh (hoslistic) mikxe ij vkèkkfjr gS vkSj mls ¶lkekftd cUèku¸ fl¼kUr (Social Bond

Theory) osQ :i esa izLrqr fd;k x;k gS tks fgalkiw.kZ O;ogkj dks dkiQh gn rd le>krk gSA
euf'pfdRlh; (psychiatric) fopkjèkkjk vkozQed osQ O;fDrRd dh fo'ks"krkvksa dks vijkfèkd fgalkRed
O;ogkj dk izeq[k fu.kkZ;d ekudj viuk vè;;u osQUnz cukrh gSA lkekftd&euksoSKkfud fopkjèkkjk
ekurh gS fd vijkfèkd fgalk dks mu ckgjh okrkoj.k osQ dkjdksa] tks ,d vkozQed ij izHkko Mkyrs
gSa] osQ fo'ys"k.k djus ls lcls vPNs rjhosQ ls le>k tk ldrk gSA ;g ekWMy izfrfnu dh ikjLifjd
fozQ;kvksa osQ #iksa (tSls rukoiw.kZ ifjfLFkfr;ka ;k ifjokj osQ ikjLifjd fozQ;kvksa osQ la#i) dk Hkh ijh{k.k
djrk gS tks fgalk osQ iqjksxkeh (precursors) gksrs gSaA cgqr ls fl¼kUr] tSls uSjk';&vkozQe.k fl¼kUr]
foo`Qfr fl¼kUr] vkRe&vfHko`fÙk dk fl¼kUr] vkSj vfHkizk; vkjksi.k fl¼kUr Hkh lkekftd&euksoSKkfud
Lrj osQ fo'ys"k.k osQ {ks=k esa vkrs gSaA lekt'kkL=kh; fopkjkèkkjk vijkfèkd fgalk dk c`gr~ Lrj ij
fo'ys"k.k djrh gSA buosQ vfrfjDr fgalk dh mi&laLo`Qfr dk fl¼kUr] lh[kus dk fl¼kUr] ekud'kqU;k
(,ukseh) dk fl¼kUr] vkSj lalkèku fl¼kUr Hkh lkekftd&lkaLo`Qfrd fo'ys"k.k osQ {ks=k esa vkrs gSaA

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