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bdkbZ—4% ifjokj
ugha gS tks fd Hkkjrh; ,dkdh ifjokjksa eas ,d ikfjokfjd dÙkZO; osQ :i esa ik;k tkrk gSA ,dkdh ifjokj uksV
osQ ;qok lnL; LosPNk ls vius izkFkfed ukrsnkjksa (tSls ekrk&firk o Hkkb;ksa) osQ izfr viuk mÙkjnkf;Ro
fuHkkrs gSa rFkk utnhdh fj'rsnkjksa ls fudVrk o ifjokj esa ,drk dh Hkkouk izdV djrs gSa] Hkys gh os vyx
?kjksa eas jgrs gksa (Leela Dube, 1974 : 311)A
bu lHkh ifjorZuksa us gekjh ifjokj O;oLFkk dks cgqr cnyk gSA xk¡o ls 'kgj dh vksj tula[;k osQ izokg
osQ dkj.k lÙkkoknh vf/dkj esa deh vkSj /eZfujis{krk esa o`f¼ us ,d ,slh ewY;&O;oLFkk dk fodkl
fd;k gS tks fd O;fDr esa igy o miØe vkSj mÙkjnkf;Ro ij cy nsrh gSA vc O;fDr izfrca/kRed
ikfjokfjd fu;a=k.k osQ fcuk gh dk;Z djrk gSA igys tc O;fDr ifjokj esa dke djrk Fkk rFkk ifjokj
osQ lHkh lnL; mldh lgk;rk djrs Fks] rc ifjokj osQ lnL;ksa osQ chp vf/d vkReh;rk Fkh] ysfdu
vkt tc fd og ifjokj ls nwj iSQDVªh esa dke djrk gS rks vkReh; lEcU/ksa dks cqjh rjg vk?kkr yxk
gSA ikfjokfjd lEcU/ksa osQ Lo:i ij vkS|ksxhdj.k osQ izHkko dks bl vk/kj ij Hkh Li"V :i ls ns[kk
tk ldrk gS fd ifjokj dh vkRe&fuHkZjrk esa deh vkbZ gS vkSj ifjokj osQ izfr n`f"Vdks.k esa Hkh ifjorZu
vk;k gSA vkS|ksxhdj.k us ,d ubZ lkekftd ,oa euksoSKkfud O;oLFkkiu dks tUe fn;k gS ftlesa izkf/
dkjoknh ifjokjoknh laxBu (authoritarian familistic organisation) okys iwoZ osQ la;qDr ifjokj dks
cuk, j[kuk dfBu gks x;k gSA
4- fookg O;oLFkk esa ifjorZu (Change in Marriage System)
gekjh ifjokj O;oLFkk dks fookg dh vk;q esa ifjorZu] thou&lkFkh pquko dh Lora=krk rFkk fookg osQ
izfr n`f"Vdks.k esa ifjorZu us Hkh izHkkfor fd;k gSA tks cPps nsj ls fookg djrs gSa os u rks vius
ekrk&firk dh lÙkk dks ekurs gSa vkSj u gh lcls cM+h vk;q osQ iq#"k dks fu.kZ; ysus okyk eq[; O;fDr
le>rs gSaA thou&lkFkh osQ pquko dh Lora=krk us vUrtkZrh; fookg dks izksRlkfgr fd;k gS ftlls
ikfjokfjd lEcU/ksa dh lajpuk izHkkfor gqbZ gSA blh izdkj tc fookg /kfeZd n`f"V ls egRoiw.kZ ugha
jgk gS rFkk oSokfgd lEcU/ksa dks foPNsn dh oSèkkfud LohÑfr fey pqdh gS] ifr osQ vf/dkj dh
izrhd ifjokj dh lqlaxfBr lÙkk detksj gks xbZ gSA
5- oS/kfud mik; (Legislative Measures)
oS/kfud mik;ksa dk Hkh ifjokj osQ Lo:i ij izHkko iM+k gSA cky&fookg fu"ks/ rFkk cky&fookg
fuokjd vf/fu;e] 1929 osQ }kjk de ls de fookg dh vk;q dk fu/kZj.k ,oa fgUnw fookg vf/fu;e
1955] us f'k{kk dh vof/ dks c<+k;k gS vkSj fookg osQ ckn ;qxy (couple) osQ u;h ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa
lkeatL; dks ;ksxnku fd;k gSA thou&lkFkh osQ pquko dh Lora=krk] fdlh Hkh tkfr o /eZ esa ekrk&firk
dh lgefr fcuk fookg] ftls fo'ks"k fookg vf/fu;e] 1954 osQ vUrxZr vuqefr iznku dh x;h gS]
fo/ok fookg vf/fu;e] 1856 }kjk fo/ok iqufoZokg dh vuqefr] fgUnw fookg vf/fu;e] 1955 osQ
vuqlkj fookg&foPNsn dh vuqefr] rFkk fgUnw mÙkjkf/dkj vf/fu;e] 1956 osQ vUrxZr iqf=k;ksa dks
ekrk&firk dh lEifÙk esa fgLlkμbu lHkh vf/fu;eksa us u osQoy vUrZO;fDr lEcU/ksa ,oa ifjokj
lajpuk dks cfYd la;qDr ifjokj dh fLFkjrk dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;k gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 83
