Page 93 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—5% ukrsnkjh

O;oLFkk* dks bl izdkj crk;k tk ldrk gS% ¶izfLFkfr ,oa Hkwfedkvksa dh ,d izFkkuqxr O;oLFkk tks mu yksxksa uksV
osQ O;ogkj dks laPkkfyr djrh gS tks ,d nwljs ls ;k rks fookg osQ vk/kj ij ;k ,d lkekU; iwoZt dh lUrku
gksus osQ ukrs lEc¼ gksrs gSaA¸ bls ge nwljh rjg Hkh dg ldrs gSa% ¶lEcU/ksa dh ,slh lajpukRed O;oLFkk
ftlesa ukrsnkj (Lotu) ,d nwljs ls cM+s tfVy vUr%xBcU/uksa ls ca/s gksaA¸

5-1 ukrsnkjh dh ifjHkk"kk ,oa Jsf.k;k¡ (Definition and Categories of Kinship)

ukrsnkjh dh pkj izeq[k Jsf.k;k¡ gksrh gSa% izkFkfed (primary), f}rh;d (secondary), r`rh;d (tertiary), rFkk
nwjLFk ukrsnkj (distant)A izkFkfed ukrsnkj os gSa ftudk vk/kj dksbZ vU; O;fDr ugha gS] cfYd Lo (ego) tud
rFkk tuu ifjokjksa ls lEcU¼ gSaA bl izdkj firk] ekrk] cfgu o HkkbZ tud ifjokj esa rFkk tuu ifjokj esas ifr]
iRuh] iq=k vkSj iq=kh] O;fDr osQ izkFkfed ukrsnkj gSaA O;fDr (Lo) osQ izR;sd izkFkfed ukrsnkj dk viuk izkFkfed
ukrsnkj gksrk gS tks fd O;fDr (Lo) osQ f}rh;d ukrsnkj gksaxs_ tSls firk dk firk] firk dh ekrk] ekrk dk firk]
ekrk dk HkkbZ vkfnA f}rh;d ukrsnkj 33 izdkj osQ gksrs gSaA f}rh;d ukrsnkj osQ izkFkfed ukrsnkj r`rh;d ukrsnkj
gksaxs_ tSls firk osQ firk osQ firk] firk osQ firk dk HkkbZ vkfnA r`rh;d ukrsnkj 151 izdkj osQ gksrs gSaA vUr esa]
r`rh;d ukrsnkj osQ izkFkfed ukrsnkj O;fDr (Lo) osQ nwjLFk ukrsnkj gksaxs_ tSls] firk osQ firk osQ firk dk firk]
firk dh ekrk osQ firk osQ firk vkfnA budh la[;k cgqr cM+h gksrh gSA
ukrsnkjh lEc/ nks izdkj ls izdk;kZRed (functional) gksrk gS_ (1) ;g ukrsnkj osQ chp lHkh lEcU/ksa dk y{k.k
o.kZu djrk gS (2) ;g O;ogkj dk vknku&iznku ;kuh fd ikjLifjd O;ogkj fu/kZfjr djrk gSA

5-2 fgUnqvksa esa ifjokj ,oa ukrsnkjh (Family and Kinship Among Hindus)

Hkkjr esa ifjokj ,d egÙoiw.kZ laLFkk vkSj vxz.kh izkFkfed lewg jgk gS D;ksafd ,d vksj rks ifjokj fir`ra=kkRed
lÙkk dk lgkjk jgk gS] vkSj nwljh rjiQ ifjokj izR;sd lnL; (L=kh lfgr) osQ lEifÙk osQ vf/dkj dk j{kd
cuk gqvk gSA Hkkjrh; lekt esa vusd foLr`r ifjorZuksa osQ ckotwn] lkewfgdokn vkSj O;fDrokn osQ lfEeJ.k cus
jgus osQ dkj.k fgUnw ifjokj vkaf'kd rkSj ij lajpukRed vkSj eq[;r% izdk;kZRed :i esa la;qDr cuk gqvk gS]
vkSj if'peh ns'kksa dh rjg Hkkjrh; ifjokj fo?kfVr gksdj ,dkdh ifjokjksa esa :ikUrfjr ugha gqvk gSA vusd
vè;;uksa ls ;g iznf'kZr gqvk gS fd vkS|ksxhdj.k] uxjhdj.k] f'k{kk vkSj izolu osQ ifj.kkeLo:i vfuok;Zr%
Hkkjr esa ifjokj dk ,dhdj.k ugha gqvk gSA Hkkjr esa ,d ,dkdh ifjokj osQoy nkaiR; ewy ifjokj ugha gSA
ifjokj esa okLrfod ifjorZu dk vfHkizk; ukrsnkjh lEcU/ksa] lnL;ksa osQ ikjLifjd mÙkjnkf;Roksa] oS;fDrdhdj.k
vkfn osQ ifjofrZr izfreku ls gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa ifjorZu us osQoy ifjokj osQ <k¡ps ;k lajpuk esa gh ns[ks tkrs
gSa cfYd blosQ izdk;ks± esa ifjorZu dks le>uk Hkh vko';d gSA
ifjokj 'kCn dk fofHkUu rjhdksa ls mi;ksx fd;k x;k gSA ,- ,e- 'kkg us Hkkjr esa ifjokj thou dh de ls de
pkj varl±ca/h lkekftd fLFkfr;ksa dk mYys[k fd;k gSa ;s bl izdkj gSaμ
1- O;fDr;ksa dk og lewg tks ,d ?kj esa ;k ,d eqf[k;k osQ v/hu ekrk&firk] cPpksa o ukSdjksa vkfn osQ
lkFk jgrs gSaA
2- ekrk&firk vkSj cPpksa dk og lewg tks ,d lkFk jgrs gSa ;k ugha Hkh jgrs gSaA
3- eksVs rkSj ij os lc yksx ifjokj esa ekus tkrs gSa tks jDr ;k fookg }kjk tqM+s gq, gSaA
4- os lc oa'kt ;k os yksx tks lkekU; iwoZt osQ oa'kt gksus dk nkok djrs gSa] ,d ?kj] ca/qtu] oa'kkoyh
vkfn ifjokj esa fxus tkrs gSaA

izk;% ifjokj esa ,d iq#"k] mldh iRuh vkSj mudh vfookfgr larku dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA bl ifjokj dks
ewy ifjokj dgrs gSaA ,slk ifjokj ,d LorU=k bdkbZ gks ldrk gS] fcuk vfuok;Zr% lkFk jgs ;g ifjokj ,d

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