Page 95 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—5% ukrsnkjh

O;ofLFkr djus osQ lk/u osQ :i esa tSfod lEcU/ dh vk/kjHkwr dksfV;k¡ gj lekt esa ikbZ tkrh gSaA ukrsnkjh uksV
yksxksa osQ chp foHksn djus dh Jsf.k;k¡ iznku dh djrh gSaA blfy;s ukrsnkjh Jsf.k;k¡ lkekftd vf/d vkSj
oS/kfud ;k vkfFkZd de gSA ukrsnkjh Jsf.k;ksa dk mi;ksx lkekftd lEcU/ksa] lkekftd O;ogkj osQ fof'k"V
izdkjksa vkSj [kkl izdkj dh vis{kkvksa] vkLFkkvksa o ewY;ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djus esa fd;k tkrk gSA ;s lEcU/ lÙkk
vkSj v/hurk] vkfFkZd vknku&iznku] ?kjsyw lg;ksx] lkaLdkfjd ;k lekjksg ls tqM+s gq;s gks ldrs gSa] vkSj budh
fØ;kfUofr vusd fofHkUu rjhdksa esa dh tk ldrh gSA bl rjg ukrsnkjh dk vfHkizk;% mu rjhdksa vkSj lk/uksa
ls gS ftuosQ }kjk lkekftd O;oLFkk dks ,d Lo:i iznku fd;k tkrk gSA ijUrq ukrsnkjh mÙkjkf/dkj] lEifÙk osQ
gLrkUrj.k] f}Hkktu vkSj foHkktu dk Hkh ,d fl¼kUr gSA oqQN vè;;uksa ls Kkr gqvk gS fd Hkkjrh; xk¡oksa esa
tkfr;ksa] mitkfr;ksa] xks=k vkSj oa'kkoyh osQ lekukUrj ¶xqV¸ ik;s tkrs gSaA bl izdkj ukrsnkjh esa iwjs thou dk
lekos'k gksrk gSA ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk dks le>us osQ fy;s lekt dh Hkk"kk] ewY;ksa vkSj yksxksa osQ O;ogkj dks le>uk
vko';d gSA O;fDr dks vius thou osQ cgqr ls lkekftd lEcU/ksa dks le>us osQ fy;s ukrsnkjh dh enn ysuh
iM+rh gSA ukrsnkjh }kjk ,d ih<+h ls nwljh ih<+h osQ yksxksa dks izfLFkfr vkSj lEifÙk gLrkUrfjr dh tkrh gSA ;g
ckr lHkh lektksa osQ fy;s lgh gSμpkgs mudk izkS|ksfxd vkSj vkS|ksfxd fodkl dk Lrj oqQN Hkh D;ksa u gksA
vk/qfud iztkrkaf=kd lektksa esa Hkh izHkkodkjh lkekftd lewg ukrsnkjh ij vk/kfjr fn[kkbZ iM+rs gSaA bl izdkj
ukrsnkjh dh tfVyrk vkSj o`gnrk dk ,glkl djrs gq;s eSyhuksoLdh us bls ukrsnkjh chtxf.kr dh laKk nh gSA

ukrsnkjh osQ vè;;u dk vfHkizk; euq"; thou osQ vk/kjHkwr rF;ksa tSls laxeu] lxHkZrkof/] fir`Ro]
lekthdj.k] lgksnjrk vkfn osQ ckjs esa euq"; dh fØ;kvksa osQ vè;;u ls gSA

5-2-2 ukrsnkjh 'kCnkoyh
ukrsnkjh 'kCnkoyh vkSj ukrsnkjh O;ogkj osQ chp vUrjl±ca/ dh O;k[;k djrs gq;s eMksZd us ukrsnkjh 'kCnksa dh
nks Jsf.k;ksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA
(1) lacks/u 'kCn vkSj (2) lUnHkZ 'kCnA lacks/u 'kCn ca/qtuksa osQ eè; lkaLd`frd n`f"V ls izfrekfur lEcU/ksa
dks le>us osQ fy, vfHkUu vax gSA lUnHkZ 'kCn izR;sd ,sls lEcU/ esa ik;s tkus okys fdlh ,d izfLFkfr dks
bafxr djus okys osQ Hkk"kk;h izrhd gSaA pw¡fd fdlh Hkh izfLFkfr dks lkaLÑfrd n`f"V ls visf{kr O;ogkj osQ vk/kj

ij ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA lUnHkZ 'kCnksa vkSj ml lEcU/rk ftlesa bafxr ca/qtu vUr%fØ;k djrs gSa] muosQ chp
lehi izdk;kZRed lEc¼rk osQ ik;s tkus osQ izkxuqHkfod dkj.k gksrs gSaA lacaf/;ksa osQ 'kkfCnd oxhZdj.k vkSj
lkekftd oxhZdj.k osQ chp fudV lglaca/ ik;k x;k gSA ijUrq ukrsnkjh 'kCnksa o O;ogkj izfrekuksa esa loZlerk
fujis{k ugha gSA fofHkUu rjg dh okLrfodrkvksa ij ,d oxhZdj.k 'kCn osQ ykxw djus osQ dkj.k ,slk vUrj
fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] tSls firk dh lHkh ifRu;ksa dks ¶ekrk¸ dgdj lEcks/u djus ij ,slh dfBukbZ vkrh gSA blh
rjg ¶pkpk¸] vkSj ¶pkph¸ tSls ukrsnkjh 'kCn Hkh mfpr lEcU/ksa dks nf'kZr ugha djrs gSa] tc rd mudks
lUnHkhZ; 'kCnksa esa Li"V ugha fd;k tkrk gSA ¶pkpk¸ dk mi;ksx firk osQ HkkbZ] ek¡ osQ HkkbZ] firk dh cgr osQ
ifr vkfn dks lEcksf/r djus esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,sfrgkfld izHkkoksa] Hkk"kk;h foHksnksa] eukSoSKkfud izfØ;kvksa]
fookg osQ fu;eksa vkfn vusd dkj.kksa }kjk ukrsnkjh 'kCnkoyh dk fu/kZj.k gksrk gSA ywlh es;j us oqQN egÙoiw.kZ
ukrsnkjh 'kCnksa dks bl izdkj ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gS%

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