Page 99 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—5% ukrsnkjh

dks gh egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gSA xks=k dh izfLFkfr dk vuqykse fookg lEcU/ksa esa egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gSA uksV
ejkBksa esa 96 xks=k gSaA bu 96 xks=kksa esa xfr'khyrk ,oa izfLFkfr osQ laosQUnzho`Ur ik;s tkrs gSaA ltkrh; n`f"V ls
letkrh;rk dk vHkko gSA ¶iapoqQy¸ vFkkZr ik¡p xks=kksa dk >qaM ik;k tkrk gS] blosQ vkykok ¶lIr xks=kh;¸
>qaM vkSj vuqykseh; [k.M gSaA lekukUrj ppssjs&ekSlsjs HkkbZ&cgu fookgksa ij izfrcU/ gSA fir`&i{kh; Hkzkrk&Hkfxuh
larfr fookgksa ij Hkh fu"ks/ gSA ekr`&i{kh; Hkzkrk&Hkfxuh larfr fookg dks izkFkfedrk nh tkrh gSA cgusa ,d gh
O;fDr ls fookg dj ldrh gSaA HkkbZ izk;% nks cguksa ls fookg djuk Vkyrs gSaA mÙkjh egkjk"Vª osQ oqQufc;ksa esa
HkkHkh fookg dh izFkk gSA vknku&iznku fookg vPNs ugha le>s tkrsA
mM+hlk osQ xkSM+] mjk¡o vkSj dksa/ vkfnoklh yksx nzfoM+ Hkk"kk;sa cksyrs gSa] vkSj mudh ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk dh rqyuk

nzfoM+ Hkk"kh yksxksa dh ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk ls dh tk ldrh gSA eq.Mk] cksUMks vkSj oqQN lkvksjk yksx eq.Mkjh cksyrs
gSaA mM+hlk esa czkã.k lEHkor% mÙkjizns'k] fcgkj vkSj eè;izns'k ls vkdj cls gSaA vkj.;D; czkã.kksa vkSj dkjuksa
(dk;LFkksa) esa Hkzkrk&Hkfxuh larfr fookg oftZr gSA fu/Zu oxks± esa dfu"B HkkHkh fookg izpfyr gSA

5-2-7 nf{k.k Hkkjr esa ukrsnkjh
nf{k.k Hkkjr esa dukZVd] vkU/z izns'k] rfeyukMq] osQjy vkSj fefJr Hkk"kkvksa rFkk leqnk;ksa osQ ik¡p {ks=k gSaA nf{k.k
{ks=k esa ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk vkSj ifjokj lajpuk dk cgqr tfVy Lo:i gSA fir`oa'kh; vkSj fir`LFkkfud O;oLFkk;sa
izHkkoh gSaA ijUrq oqQN leqnk;ksa esa ekr`oa'kh; vkSj ekr`LFkkfud O;oLFkk;sa ikbZ tkrh gSa] vkSj muesa nksuksa izdkj osQ
ukrsnkjh laxBu ik;s tkrs gSaA oqQN tkfr;ksa esa cgqfoZokg dh izFkk Hkh gSA buesa ls oqQN esa cgqiRuh vkSj cgqifr
nksuksa rjg osQ fookgksa dh izFkk gSA dukZVd] vkU/z izns'k] rfeyukMq vkSj ekykckj dh oqQN tkfr;ksa esa mÙkj Hkkjr
dh rjg fir`oa'kh; vkSj fir`LFkkfud la;qDr ifjokj ik;s tkrs gSaA
uk;j] fr;ku] ekykckj {ks=k osQ oqQN eksiyk vkSj dukjk ftys osQ cSaV leqnk;ksa esa ekr`oa'kh; vkSj ekr`LFkkfud
ifjokj ik;s tkrs gSaA blh dks FkkjokM+ osQ uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA FkkjokM+ esa ,d L=kh] blosQ HkkbZ vkSj cgusa] mlosQ
vius vkSj mldh cguksa osQ iq=k vkSj iqf=k;k¡ jgus gSaA FkkjokM+ esa dksbZ Hkh oSokfgd lEcU/h ugha jgrk gSA oqQN
jDr lEcfU/;ksa dks Hkh ugha j[kk tkrkA iq#"k lnL;ksa dh larku ugha jgrhA FkkjokM+ esa ifr&iRuh] firk&iq=k
lEcU/ ugha gksrs gSaA

mÙkj Hkkjr dh rjg nf{k.k {ks=k tkfr vUr%fookg vkSj xks=k cfgfoZokg osQ fu;e ugha gksrs gSaaA bls dukZVd esa
csjkx` ;k csnkxk ;k ckyh dgk tkrk gSA uhyfxjh osQ dksVk bldks osQjh dksrkbZ osyky fdybZ] dks;k xksrk vkSj
oqQ:c yksx xquiw dgrs gSaA oqQN rsyqxq yksx bls bUrh&is[k vkSj ey;kyh bYye osQ uke ls lEcksf/r djrs gSaA
Vªko.kdksj esa xks=k dk uke osyh gSA xks=k 'kCn dk mi;ksx Hkh cgqr yksx djrs gSaA xks=kksa osQ fy;s eq[; izrhd pk¡nh]
lksuk] oqQYgkM+h] gkFkh] liZ] pesyh] iRFkj vkfn dks ekurs gSaA
mÙkjh {ks=k es xzke cfgfoZokg loZLohÑr ekud gSA ijUrq nf{k.k {ks=k esa ,d gh xk¡o esa vUrjoSZokfgd xks=k osQ
yksx jgrs gSaA xkSM+ leqnk; esa xzke cfgfoZokg fu;e dk ikyu ugha fd;k tkrkA osQoy xks=k cfgfoZokg ;k bYye
;k osjh dk gh fl¼kUr ik;k tkrk gSA mÙkj Hkkjr dh rjg ,d tkfr dbZ cfgfoZokfgd xks=kksa esa foHkkftr gSA
vUrjxksZ=kh; fookgksa }kjk lHkh xks=kksa dk lekos'k ugha gks ikrk gSA ,d vUrjoSZokfgd tkfr osQ Hkhrj NksVs&NksVs
vUrjoSZokfgd tkfr osQ Hkhrj NksVs&NksVs vUrjoSZokfgd bdkb;ksa osQ o`Ùk cus gq;s gSa] bu o`Ùkksa osQ oqQN ifjokjksa esa
gh izk;% fookg }kjk iqf=k;ksa dk vknku&iznku gksrk gSA

nf{k.k {ks=k dh viuh oqQN [kkl fo'ks"krk;sa gSa tks mÙkjh Hkkjr ls fHkUu gSaA nf{k.k Hkkjr esa cM+h cgu dks iq=kh]
iwQiQh dh iq=kh vkSj ekek dh iq=kh osQ lkFk fookgksa dks izkFkfedrk nh tkrh gSA vf/ekU; fookgksa dh bl izFkk
dk eq[; mís'; ¶xks=k¸ dh ,drk vkSj ,dkRedrk rFkk ,d gh ih<+h osQ yksxksa esa fookg }kjk iqf=k;ksa osQ vknku

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 93