Page 96 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV 1- ca/qtuμca/qtu O;fDr;ksa dk ,slk lewg gS tks vge~ ls oa'kkofyd :i ls tqM+s gq;s gSaA mu yksxksa dks
vge~ osQ fy;s lkekU; mÙkjnkf;Ro gks ldrk gSA
2- ekr`&fir` laca/hμ,d O;fDr osQ ekr`&fir` lEcU/h os yksx gS tks mlls ¶jDr¸ }kjk gqM+s gq;s gSaA
3- fookg laca/hμftu O;fDr;ksa dk lEcU/ ,d O;fDr ls fookg }kjk LFkkfir gksrk gS os mlosQ fookg
laca/h dgykrs gSaA

4- lef"V lewgμ;s os lewg gSa ftudk vk/kj lkekU; lEifÙk dk LokfeRo gSA lef"V lewg fir`oa'kh; ;k
ekr`oa'kh; vk/kj ij fufeZr gksrs gSaA
5- oa'kkoyhμoa'k osQ vk/kj ij fufeZr lef"V lewg oa'kkoyh dgk tkrk gSA ,d xks=k osQ yksxksa esa vusd
oa'kkofy;k¡ ikbZ tk ldrh gSaA
6- ikf'oZdμblosQ }kjk ukrsnkjh lewg osQ ¶i{k¸ dk cks/ gksrk gSA
7- oa'kth;μblosQ }kjk ukrsnkjh lewg dh ¶js[kk¸ dk Kku gksrk gSA

5-2-3 Hkkjr esa ukrsnkjh

Hkkjr esa ukrsnkjh dh O;k[;k vUr%ifjokjh; vkSj cká ifjokjh; Lrjksa ij vyx&vyx vkSj ukrsnkjh ,oa ifjokj
osQ vfHkca/ osQ lUnHkZ esa dh tk ldrh gSA vUr% ifjokjh; ukrsnkjh esa ¶izkFkfed lacaf/;ksa¸ dks lekfo"V fd;k
tkrk gSA ifr&iRuh] firk&iq=k] ekrk&iq=kh] ekrk&iq=k] firk&iq=k] cM+k o NksVk HkkbZ] cM+h o NksVh cgu vkSj
HkkbZ&cgu ij vUr% ifjokjh; laca/ksa osQ :i esa cy fn;k tkrk gSA ;s laca/ ,d gh ,dkdh ifjokjh osQ vax
gSa vkSj bu lacaf/;ksa dks ¶iztuu ifjokj¸ dh laKk nh xbZ gSA ifjokj osQ ckgj ¶f}rh;d¸ vkSj ¶r`rh;d¸ laca/
h ik;s tkrs gSaA eMksZd us vkB ¶izkFkfed¸ vkSj rSarhl ¶f}rh;d¸ lacaf/;ksa dk mYys[k fd;k gSA izR;sd f}rh;d
laca/h osQ izkFkfed laaca/h gksrs gSaA r`rh;d lacaf/;ksa esa laHkor% 151 ukrsnkj gksrs gSsa] vkSj r`rh;d lacaf/;ksa osQ
vfrfjDr ¶nwj¸ osQ laca/h Hkh gksrs gSaA
Hkkjr esa izk;% xks=k cafgfoZokg vkSj tkfr vUr%fookg gksrs gSaA ,d tkfr esa vusd xks=k gksrs gSa vkSj izR;sd xks=k
esa vusd oa'kkofy;k¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA oa'k osQ lnL;ksa dk lkekU; iwoZt vkerkSj ij ,d okLrfod] igpku ;qDr
O;fDr gksrk gS] ijUrq ,d xks=k dk lkekU; iwoZt dkYifud vkSj vykSfdd oLrq gksrk gSA ,d xks=k osQ lnL;
,d fof'k"V {ks=k esa iSQys gq;s gksrs gSa vkSj blhfy;s os lkekU; fgrksa dk ifjikyu djus ;k fdlh izdkj dk la;qDr
dk;Z djus esa vius vki dks vleFkZ ikrs gSaA fiQj Hkh xks=k osQ lnL;ksa esa lkekU; vk/kj ij iwtk djus osQ dkj.k
lgHkkxh fØ;k dk vk/kj cuk jgrk gSA xks=k osQ vk/kj ij tkfr osQ vUnj fookg osQ fy;s ik=krk fu/kZfjr gksrh
gSA vusd rjhdksa esa xks=k vk/kfjr vk|rk ls Hkh vf/d laLdkjksa osQ vuqikyu] vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa osQ ifjikyu]
ikjLifjd lg;ksx vkfn osQ lUnHkZ esa tkfr vk/kfjr u`tkfr osQUnzokn ik;k tkrk gSA fgrksa vkSj fu"Bkvksa dh
lkekU;rk os fy;s ¶L=kh&i{kh; ca/q¸ vkSj ¶dkYifud ca/q¸ Hkh vk/kj gksrs gSaA
ge igys o.kZu dj pqosQ gSa fd ukrsnkjh lkekftd O;oLFkk dk izeq[k vk/kj gS] ijUrq blosQ lkFk&lkFk
mÙkjkf/dkj vkSj lEifÙk gLrkUrj.k osQ lUnHkZ esa ukrsnkjh foHkktu vkSj folEefr dk Hkh vk/kj gSA oa'k ,drk
ij dHkh&dHkh oSeuL;rk gkoh gks tkrh gSA iq=kksa&ikS=kksa] Hkkb;ksa osQ chp >xM+s vkerkSj ij ns[ks x;s gSaA lgksnj Li/kZ
Hkh ikbZ tkrh gSA

5-2-4 Hkkjr esa ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk dk dosZ }kjk vè;;u
lkekftd O;ogkj osQ {ks=kh; izfreku tSls Lo:i dks le>us osQ fy;s bjkorh dosZ us pkj lkaLÑfrd {ks=kksa dh
rqyukRed O;k[;k dh gSA ,d {ks=k esa fofHkUu LFkkuh; izfreku gks ldrs gSaA lksiku vkSj tkfr ij vk/kfjr
vyxko o i`Fkdrk osQ dkj.k fofHkUu tkfr;ksa esa foHksn ik;s tkrs gSaA dosZ us ukrsnkjh osQ lUnHkZ esa laLÑfrdj.k

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