Page 192 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN “pdbD” dh gqxNBk fJe nkw gqftosh j?. wkBt ;fGnsk okiBhfse ;~sk d/ e/AdoK d/ fy;eD d/ ;p{s
jB. n;hA ;wokiK, ;fGnsktK, PfjoK ns/ ftfdnk e/AdoK d/ T[sEkB ns/ gsB d/ pko/ ftu ikDd/ jK.
ueqhJ/ gfotosD ftqjd s"o T[s/ ;thfeqs gqxNBk j?. fJj th sZE j? fe brGr fgSb/ gzikj ;kbK s'A gqrsh
dh soc fJe nkw ftPtftnkgh gqftosh d/yh rJh j?. d/P, ;zdoG iK gfjb{ ftu gqshrwB fJ;d/ gqsho{gK
Bz{ nb~r gqGkts eodk j?. ;' o'whB d/ nB[;ko, gqrsh dh d' e;"NhnK, noEks gq'fd:'fre gqthDsk ns/
;zxNBkswe ekoi ;kXesk ;theko jB. o'whB B/ fJe shih e;"Nh th i'Vh j?, noEks T[dftek; fJe
nfBozso gqfeqnk j?. ;' wkBt T[dftek; ftu uoDK Bz{ S~vD ns/ nfBoszosk dh gqftosh gkJh iKdh j?. o'whB
“gqrsh d/ dtzd” dk T[b/y eod/ jB, noEks wkBt fJfsjk; s/ih ns/ do[s rsh Bkb gqrsh eodk j?. ;wki
ftu fJe fBPfus fdPk ftu fBfjs ;tkoEK d/ ekoD d[pkok S/sh s/ s/i gfotosD BjhA j[zd/ jB. ftnt;EkgB
ns/ ;EkJheoD nkXkoG{s gfotosD d/ fto[~X jB. nkXkoG{s gfotosD T[E/ jh j'J/rk fi~E/ dfbs j'D dh
GktBk rfjoh j' u[eh j? ns/ ftw[esh d/ bJh fJ~Sk pj[s gqpb pD rJh j?. nfijh gfo;fEsh ftu gfotosD
ftu o[ektN ewi'o j' iKdh j?. gqrsh fbnkT[D ftu fgSV/gB s'A bkG BjhA j[zdk, idfe sBykj ftu s/i ftqXh
Bkb o[ektN nkT[Adh j?. o'whB B/ fJ;Bz{ “gqrsh d/ dtzd” dk Bkw fdsk j?.
PkfJd o'whB dk soe Gkosh gfo;fEsh T[s/ bkr{ BjhA j[zdk. :[o'g d/ d/PK, ikgkB, uhB ns/ nw/foek dh s[bBk
ftu Gkos Bz{ ftfrnkBe, gq'fd:'fre ns/ T[fd:'fre y/soK ftu nkws"o s/ fgSfVnk j'fJnk wzfBnK iKdk j?.
Gkos d/ nzdo fgSV/ okiK, y/soK ns/ fifbnK ftu Pbkxk:'r gqrsh BjhA j'Jh j?. ;zgzB okiK ns/ y/soK ftu
ewi'o okiK ns/ y/soK ftu fInkdk so~eh j'Jh j?. fJjh r~b ;w{jK, gfotkoK ns/ ftneshnK T[s/ bkr{ j[zdh
j?. o'whB d[nkok gq;skfts “e[deBk” bs. “nfBozsosk” Gkos ftu fdykJh BjhA fdzdh j?. n~i ;kBz{ pj[s
fInkdk ;zuJh n;wkBsktK ns/ e[M b'eK d/ e'b Pesh dk e/AdoheoD fdykJh fdzdk j?.

10H4
10H4 ;wkfie gfotosD dk o{gKsoD ns/ ekfJnk ebg ;wkfie gfotosD dk o{gKsoD ns/ ekfJnk ebg
10H4 ;wkfie gfotosD dk o{gKsoD ns/ ekfJnk ebg (Transformation
;wkfie gfotosD dk o{gKsoD ns/ ekfJnk ebg
10H4 ;wkfie gfotosD dk o{gKsoD ns/ ekfJnk ebg
10H4
and Revolution of Social Change)
eqKsh dk noE gfotosD d/ uow ;to{g s'A j? eqKsh “;fji/” BjhA j[zdh. fJj T[dftek; s'A fGzB j[zdh j?.
fJj ftdo'j, prkts, pbtk, rdo, ;?fBe ftdq'j nkfd XkoBktK s'A th fGzB j?. ;wki T[s/ fJ;dk ;EkJh
gqGkt BjhA j[zdk. eqKsh ftdq'j iK oki d'qj s'A nkgD/ wj~st ns/ pj [nk:kw dh fdqPNh s'A fGzB jB eqKsh
ftu “ngqshP'Xsk” ns/ “nNbsk” gkJh iKdh j?, feT[Afe eqKsh f;oc fJe xNBkswe n;s^ftn;sk
BjhA j?. toEhw fbyd/ jBL “w/o/ nB[;ko w{b e;"Nh fJj j? fe eqKsh ;d?t ftfdwkB ;wkfie ftnt;Ek
ns/ toswkB ;~sk ;zouBk Bz{ T[ykV ;[ZNdh j?. id fe j'o ;G gqeko dh nftnt;EktK ftu fJ; gqeko
d/ nkXkoG{s gfotosD fbnkT[D dh gq/oDk BjhA ofjzdh. fJBQK dk T[d/P f;oc ;~skXkohnK Bz{ fJe MNek
d/D dk j[zdk j?, iK T[BQK Bz{ ;~skftjhB eoB iK fco ikB s'A wko d/D dk j?.”
fe;h fJe eqKshekoh ;fEsh ftu iBsk ns/ T[;d/ B/sktK dh nkeKPktK dk ;jh w[bKeD eoBk efmB j?.
eqKshekoh T[Eb^g[Eb d[nkok nkJ/ j'J/ w{b gfotosD dh wksok Bz{ nB[wkfBs eoB ftu efmBkJh nkT[Adh
j?. eqKsh ftu ftneshgoe ns/ t;s{fBPm d't/A jh e;"NhnK Bz{ ;wMDk io{oh j? ftneshgoe e;"NhnK
eqKsh d/ B/sktK s'A fInkdk ;zpzXs jB, fJ;bJh fJj nbgekbhB jB. ftd'qj ftneshgoe ekoeK s'A
fInkdk fBod/fPs j[zd/ jB. t;s{fBPm e;"NhnK ftu nkXkoG{s gfotosD d/ wj~st ns/ pj[nk:kw gZy
T[s/ pb fdsk j?. fi; Bkb eqKsh dh nrtkJh ns/ GkrhdkoK Bz{ ;zs'y dk nkGk; j[zdk j?. fJBQK ftG/dK d/
T[goKs th ftneshgoe ns/ t;s{fBPm e;"NhnK ftu fJe ;gPN nzso BjhA eo ;ed/ feT[Afe d't/A jh
toswkB ;wkfie ftnt;Ek Bz{ pdbD bJh jB.
eqKsh dk noE toswkB ;wkfie ftnt;Ek ftu w{bG{s gfotosD fbnkT[Dk j[zdk j? nzr/qIh rqfj :[~X d[nkok
Pkjh fBoze[Psk Bz{ o'fenk frnk, ns/ tgkfoe gqftosh tkb/ t~v/ iwhAdkoK Bz{ gq's;kfjs ehsk frnk fiBQK
B/ 18thA ns/ 19thA ;dh d/ g{otkoX ftu fe;kB ;wki Bz{ BPN ehsk. cqK;h;h eqKsh B/ g[Ps?Bh nfGiks
dh Pesh Bz{ ysw ehsk ns/ T[;d/ ;EkB T[s/ gqiksKsfoe ;z;EktK dh ;EkgBk ehsh. nw/foeB rqfj :[~X
d[nkok th nfijk jh gfotosD nkfJnk. ;' eqKshnK d/ d[nkok nkXkoG{s ;EkJh gfotosD wkBt ftw[esh
d/ Bkb fbnkfJnk iKdk j?.

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