Page 46 - DSOC202_SOCIAL_STRATIFICATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—3% lkekftd Lrjhdj.k dk fl¼kar&I

O;fDr osQ efLr"d ls mRiUu u gksdj lk>s fo'okl gSaA vFkkZr~ lekt osQ lHkh lnL; ;g eku dj pyrs gSa fd uksV
;s iznÙk ewY; gh lcls mÙke ;qfDr gSa] ftlosQ }kjk muosQ lekt esa fLFkjrk dk;e j[kk tk ldrh gSA bl rjg
ewY; osQoy lk>s fo'okl gh ugha] cfYd os lekt osQ lnL;ksa dh lgefr ls mRiUu gksrs gSaA ;g lgefr ;k
erSD; blfy, mRiUu gksrk gS fd lekt ls lnL; nSfud thou esa O;oLFkk vkSj fLFkjrk pkgrs gSaA blfy,
O;oLFkk] fLFkjrk vkSj lg;ksx bl ewY; erSD; ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA lekt osQ lnL;ksa osQ eè; ;g vke lgefr
gksrh gS fd lHkh osQ fy, D;k vPNk gSA

ewY; erSD; o lkekftd laLrj.k (Value Unanimity and Social Stratification)μizR;sd O;fDr ,d&nwljs
dh fØ;kvksa dk rqyukRed vè;;u djrk jgrk gSA bl izdkj rqyukRed ewY;kadu fLFkfr dk fu'p; gksrk gSA
vkn'kkZRed izfreku esa ewY;kadu de gksus ls fLFkfr Hkh fuEu gks tk,xhA vU; O;fDr mlosQ izfr jkxkRed Hkko
ugha j[ksaxsA tc jkxkRed Hkko dh deh gksxh] rks lc mldh fØ;kvksa esa Hkh ck/k igq¡pkus dk iz;Ru djsaxsA osQoy
vU; O;fDr;ksa osQ }kjk gh fojks/ ugha fd;k tkrk] cfYd og O;fDr Lo;a Hkh ^vkUrfjd la?k"kZ* (internal
conflict) ls yM+rk jgrk gS] vius dks ghu le>us yxrk gSA

uSfrd izfreku ls tc lnL;ksa dh fLFkfr esa ifjorZu dh izfØ;k gksrh gS vFkkZr~ mPp o fuEu in
gksrs jgrs gSa] blh dks ikjlUl us lkekftd laLrj.k dh okLrfod O;oLFkk dgk gSA

laLrj.k osQ vk/kj (Bases of Social Stratification)μlkekftd O;oLFkk dh lHkh bdkb;ksa dks] uSfrd
ewY;kadu osQ vk/kjksa dks n`f"V esa j[krs gq, gh fLFkfr nh tkrh gSA oqQN vk/kj fuEuor~ gSaμ

1- ukrsnkjh lewg esa lnL;rk (Membership in Kinship Unit)μukrsnkjh lewg esa O;fDr dks dksbZ u
dksbZ in izkIr gksrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ :i esa] ekr`lÙkkRed ifjokj o fir`lÙkkRed ifjokj fy, tk ldrs
gSaA ekr`lÙkkRed ikfjokfjd izFkk eas ekrk dh fLFkfr mPp gksrh gS] blosQ foijhr fir`lÙkkRed ifjokj
izFkk esa firk dk in mPp ekuk tkrk gSA
2- xq.k (Qualities)μO;fDrxr xq.kksa osQ vk/kj ij ,d O;fDr dks vU; ls i`Fko~Q fd;k tkrk gSA vk;q]
¯yx] 'kfDr] lqUnjrk] oa'k ,oa cqf¼] ;s lHkh O;fDrxr xq.k dgykrs gSaA lkekftd in osQ fu/kZj.k esa
;s xq.k eq[; gSaA
3- liQyrk,¡ (Achievements)μikjlUl osQ vuqlkj ¶liQyrk,¡ O;fDr dh fØ;k osQ ewY;oku
ifj.kke gSaA¸
;fn dksbZ fØ;k dh tk,xh] rks mldk dksbZ u dksbZ ifj.kke ;k iQy Hkh vo'; gksxkA ftu ifj.kkeksa dks
lekt }kjk egÙo izkIr gks tkrk gS] os liQyrk,¡ dgh tkrh gSA
4- lEifÙk (Possessions)μO;fDr tks Hkh fØ;k,¡ djrk gS] mlosQ oqQN ifj.kke gksrs gSa] lekt }kjk egÙo
izkIr gks tkus ij os ifj.kke liQyrk,¡ dgykrs gSaA
fdlh Hkh lekt esa tks yksx lkekftd ewY;ksa osQ vuqlkj vkpj.k djrs gSa] mUgsa csgrj ikfjrksf"kd fn;k tkrk
gSA bu ikfjrksf"kdksa dk Lo:i bl ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd lekt osQ ewY; fdls loZJs"B Bgjkrs gSaA mnkgj.k

osQ fy,] jktiwrksa esa lkgl vkSj ohjrk dks vf/d egÙo nsus dh ijEijk jgh gSA blfy, tks Hkh O;fDr bu
xq.kksa esa [kjk mrjrk Fkk] mls Js"Brj iqjLdkj rFkk mPp Lrj iznku fd;k tkrk FkkA leLr lkekftd iz.kkfy;ksa
esa ewY; O;oLFkk oqQN xq.kksa ij m¡Qps ikfjrksf"kd rks vU; xq.kksa ij de ikfjrksf"kd nsrh gSA ;fn dksbZ O;fDr
bu lkekftd ewY;ksa dh vogsyuk djrk gS] rks mls naM fn;k tkrk gSA

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