Page 133 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 6 % ek¡x o ek¡x dh yksp osQ fl¼kar

dher ij OQ ek=kk [kjhnrk gSA ftls D D oØ osQ ‘C’ fcanq }kjk fn[kk;k x;k gSA ek¡x oØ esa ;g uksV
1
1
1
f[kldko (DD ls D D ) dher esa ifjorZu osQ dkj.k ugha cfYd ek¡x osQ vU; fuèkkZjd rRoksa osQ dkj.k
1 1
laHko gqvk gSA ek¡x esa ;g ifjorZu ek¡x esa deh dgykrk gSA
6-8 ek¡x dh yksp (Elasticity of Demand)

fdlh oLrq dh ek¡x] fo'ks"k :i ls] mldh dher] miHkksDrk dh vk; rFkk lacafèkr oLrq dh dher ij fuHkZj
djrh gSA vr% ^ek¡x dh yksp* ls ;g Kkr gkssrk gS fd fdlh oLrq dh dher vFkok miHkksDrk dh vk; vFkok
lacafèkr oLrq dh dher esa ifjorZu gksus ls ml oLrq dh ek¡x dh ek=kk esa fdruk ifjorZu gqvk gSA Mwyh osQ
'kCnksa esa] ^^,d oLrq dh dher] miHkksDrk dh vk; rFkk lacafèkr oLrq dh dher esa ifjorZu gksus ls
ml oLrq dh ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk esa gksus okys ifjorZu osQ eki dks ek¡x dh yksp dgk tk,xkA** (The
elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a
good to change in its price, price of other goods
and changes in consumer’s income, —Dooley) ek¡x dh yksp dk vFkZ
vr% ek¡x dh yksp eq[; :i ls rhu izdkj dh gks tkrh
ek¡x dh yksp] ek¡x osQ fdlh la[;kRed
gSμ1- ek¡x dh dher yksp (Price Elasticity of fuèkkZjd esa gksus okys izfr'kr ifjorZu rFkk
Demand)] 2- ek¡x dh yksp (Income Elasticity of blosQ iQyLo:i ek¡x dh ek=kk esa gksus okys
Demand)] vkSj 3- ek¡x dh vkM+h yksp (Cross izfr'kr ifjorZu dk vuqikr gSA
Elasticity of Demand)A

6-9 ek¡x dh dher yksp (Price Elasticity of Demand)

;fn vU; ckrsa leku jgsa ,d oLrq dh dher esa ifjorZu gksus ls ml oLrq dh ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk esa gksus okys
ifjorZu osQ eki dks ek¡x dh dher yksp dgk tkrk gSA ;g dher esa gksus okys izfr'kr ifjorZu rFkk
ek¡x esa gksus okys izfr'kr ifjorZu osQ vuqikr osQ cjkcj gksrh gSA (It is equal to the ratio of the
percentage change in quantity demanded to a percentage change in the price.) ;g bl
ckr dks ekirh gS fd oLrq dh dher esa ifjorZu gksus ls mldh ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk esa fdruk ifjorZu gksrk gSA
ek¡x dh yksp ml vuqikr dks izdV djrh gS ftl ij dher c<+us ij ek¡x esa laoqQpu rFkk dher ?kVus ij
ek¡x esa foLrkj gksrk gSA ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk vkSj dher esa foijhr lacaèk ik;k tkrk gSA blhfy, ek¡x dh yksp
dks ½.kkRed (–) fpÉ }kjk O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA fyIlh osQ 'kCnksa esa] ^^pw¡fd ek¡x oØ dk <yku
½.kkRed gksrk gS] blfy, dher vkSj ek=kk esa lnk foijhr fn'kkvksa esa ifjorZu gksxkA ,d ifjorZu
èkukRed rFkk nwljk ½.kkRed gksxk tks ek¡x dh yksp osQ eki dks ½.kkRed cuk nsxkA** (Because
of the negative slope of the demand curve, the price and the quantity will always
change in opposite directions. One change will be positive and the other negative,
making the measured elasticity of demand negative. – Lipsey)A ijarq izFkk osQ vuqlkj
½.kkRed fpÉ dks NksM+ fn;k tkrk gS vkSj ek¡x dh dher yksp dks la[;k esa O;Dr dj fn;k tkrk gSA
mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ;fn vkblØhe dh dher esa 10 izfr'kr deh bldh ek¡xh xbZ ek=kk esa 15 izfr'kr o`f¼
ykrh gS] rc ek¡x dh yksp fuEufyf[kr gksxhμ

15%
E = (–) () 10%− = 1.5
d
½.kkRed fpÉ dks blfy, NksM+ fn;k tkrk gS rkfd dksbZ lafnXèkrk (Ambiguity) iSnk u gksA ;g dguk
Hkzkafriw.kZ gks ldrk gS fd (–) 4 dk yksp xq.kkad (Elasticity Co-efficient)&2 ls vfèkd gksxk] bl
laHkkfor Hkzkafr ls cpk tk ldrk gSA ;fn ge osQoy ;g dgsa fd 4 dk xq.kkad 2 osQ xq.kkad dh rqyuk esa

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