Page 115 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ11% Roj.k fl¼kar

iw¡th&mRiknu vuqikr cny tkrk gSA bl izdkj] iw¡th&mRiknu vuqikr fLFkj ugha jgrk cfYd O;kikj&pØ dh uksV
fofHkUu voLFkkvksa esa ifjo£rr gks tkrk gSA
2- lalkèku ykspnkj ugha (Resources not Elastic)µRoj.k&fu;e eku ysrk gS fd lkèku miyCèk jgrs gSa
(resources are available) A lkèku ykspnkj gksus pkfg, rkfd mUgsa iw¡thxr oLrq m|ksxksa esa yxk;k tk losQ
ftlls os foLrkj dj losaQA ;g rHkh laHko gS tcfd vFkZO;oLFkk esa csjkstxkjh gksA ijarq tc vFkZO;oLFkk ,d
ckj iw.kZ jkstxkj osQ Lrj ij igq¡p tkrh gS] rks i;kZIr lkèkuksa dh vizkI;rk osQ dkj.k iw¡th&oLrq m|ksx foLrkj
ugha dj ikrsA blls Rojd fu;e dk dk;Zdj.k lhfer gks tkrk gSA

3- IykaVksa esa fuf"Ø; {kerk (Idle Capacity in Plants)µRoj.k&fl¼kar eku ysrk gS fd IykaVksa esa viz;qDr
(unused)) ;k vfrfjDr (excess) {kerk ugha gksrhA ;fn oqQN e'khusa viuh iw.kZ {kerk osQ vuqlkj dk;Z ugha dj
jgh gSa vkSj fuf"Ø; iM+h gSa] rks miHkksDrk oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu esa o`f¼ gksus ls ubZ iw¡thxr oLrqvksa osQ fy, ek¡x
ugha c<+sxhA ,slh fLFkfr esa Roj.k&fu;e ugha dke djsxkA fiQj] ;g fl¼kar vk£Fkd lqLrh (recession) esa ykxw
ugha gksxk D;ksafd mlesa vfrfjDr {kerk ikbZ tkrh gSA

4- bfPNr vkSj okLrfod iw¡thxr LVkWd esa varj (Difference Between Required and Real Capital
Stock)µRoj.k&fu;e bl ekU;rk ij vkèkkfjr gS fd bfPNr vkSj okLrfod iw¡thxr LVkWd esa dksbZ varj ugha
ik;k tkrk vkSj ;fn gks Hkh rks ,d gh vofèk esa lekIr gks tkrk gSA ijarq ;fn iw¡thxr oLrq,¡ mRikfnr dj jgs
m|ksx igys ls gh iw.kZ {kerk ij dke dj jgs gSa rks ,d vofèk esa gh varj lekIr djuk laHko ugha gks ldrkA
5- fuos'k osQ le; dh foospuk ugha (Does not Explain Timing of Investment)µiw.kZ {kerk osQ ik,
tkus dh ekU;rk dk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd mRiknu dh c<+h ek¡x ,dne izsfjr fuos'k ykrh gSA blfy, Roj.k fu;e
fuos'k osQ le; dk fglkc (timing of investment) yxkus esa vliQy gksrk gSA mÙke :i esa] ;g fuos'k dh
ek=kk dh O;oLFkk djrk gSA okLro esa] u;k fuos'k iztuu djus ls igys le;i'prk (time lag) gks ldrh gSA
mnkgj.kkFkZ] ;fn le;&i'prk pkj o"kZ gks rks u;s fuos'k dk izHkko ,d o"kZ esa ugha cfYd pkj o"kks± esa izrhr
gksxkA
6- iw¡thxr oLrqvksa dh ykxr vkSj miyCèkrk ij fopkj ugha (Does not Consider Availability and
Cost of Capital Goods)µfiQj] iw¡thxr oLrqvksa dh izkfIr osQ le; dk fglkc mudh miyfCèk vkSj ykxr
rFkk foÙk dh izkI;rk vkSj ykxr ij fuHkZj djrk gSA
7- LFkkfir iw¡thxr miLdj osQ fy, Roj.k izHkko 'kwU; (Acceleration Effect, Zero for Installed

Capital Equipment)µ;g eku fy;k tkrk gS fd miHkksDrk oLrqvksa dh ek¡x esa o`f¼ dk igys ls vuqeku
ugha fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj fiNys fuos'kksa esa muosQ fy, dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha dh xbZ FkhA ;fn Hkkoh ek¡x dk iwokZuqeku
djosQ iw¡th miLdj igys gh yxk fn;k x;k gS] rks blls izsfjr fuos'k ugha gksxk vkSj Roj.k izHkko 'kwU; jgsxkA

8- vLFkk;h ek¡x osQ fy, dk;Z ugha djrk (Does not work for Temporary Demand)µ;g fl¼kar
vkxs ;g Hkh eku ysrk gS fd ubZ miHkksx ek¡x LFkk;h gksrh gSA ;fn ;g vk'kk gks fd miHkksDrk oLrqvksa osQ fy,
ek¡x vLFkk;h gS] rks mRiknd ubZ iw¡thxr oLrqvksa esa fuos'k ugha djsaxsA bldh ctk;] os orZeku iw¡thxr miLdj
dks vkSj vfèkd xgurk ls pykdj c<+h gqbZ ek¡x iwjh dj ldrs gSaA blfy, Roj.k ugha liQy gksxkA
9- lk[k dh iw£r ykspnkj ugha (Supply of Credit not Elastic)µRoj.k fu;e eku ysrk gS fd lk[k dh
iw£r ykspnkj gksrh gS] rkfd tc izsfjr miHkksx osQ ifj.kkeLo:i izsfjr fuos'k gks] rks iw¡thxr oLrq m|ksxksa esa fuos'k
osQ fy, lLrh lk[k vklkuh ls fey losQA ;fn lLrh lk[k i;kZIr ek=kk esa ugha miyCèk gksxh] rks C;kt dh nj
Å¡ph gksxh vkSj iw¡th oLrqvksa esa cgqr de fuos'k gksxkA bl izdkj] Roj.k iw.kZ:i ls dke ugha djsxkA

10- izR;k'kkvksa dh Hkwfedk dh mis{kk (Neglects the Role of Expectations)µRoj.k fu;e dh eq[; =kqfV

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