Page 281 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ27% ekSfnzd uhfr

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment) uksV

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dh igpku djsa
(State whether the following statements are True or False) :
7- eqnzkokfn;ksa dk er gS fd osaQnzh; cSad eanh osQ nkSjku lLrh uhfr }kjk de£'k;y cSadkssa osQ fj”koZ c<+k ldrk
gSA

8- iw.kZ jkstxkj dks ekSfnzd uhfr osQ izeq[k mís';ksa esa ugha j[kk x;k gSA
9- LiQhfr dks jksdus esa ekSfnzd uhfr dh izHkkfork dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ lhek gSµturk }kjk j[kh eqnzk osQ osx
esa o`f¼A
10- tc cSad osaQnzh; cSad dks ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;k¡ csprs gSa rks cktkj esa mudh dhersa mB tkrh gSaA

27-6 fodkl'khy vFkZO;oLFkk esa ekSfnzd uhfr dh Hkwfedk

(Role of Monetary Policy in a Developing Economy)

,d fodkl'khy vFkZO;oLFkk esa ekSfnzd uhfr lk[k dh ykxr rFkk izkI;rk dks izHkkfor djosQ] LiQhfr ij
fu;a=k.k djosQ rFkk Hkqxrku 'ks"k larqyu dks dk;e j[kdj vk£Fkd o`f¼ dh nj dks c<+kus esa egÙoiw.kZ dke djrh
gSA vr% ,sls ns'k esa ekSfnzd uhfr osQ eq[; mís'; LiQhfr dks fu;af=kr djus rFkk dherksa dks fLFkj djus osQ fy,
lk[k fu;a=k.k djuk fofue; nj dks fLFkj djuk] Hkqxrku 'ks"k esa larqyu izkIr djuk rFkk vk£Fkd fodkl c<+kuk
gSA
1- LiQhfrdkjh nckoksa dks fu;af=kr djuk (To Control Inflationary Pressures)µfodkl dh izfØ;k esa
mRiUu gksus okys LiQhfrdkjh nckoksa ij dkcw ikus osQ fy,] ekSfnzd uhfr dks lk[k fu;a=k.k osQ ek=kkRed rFkk
xq.kkRed nksuksa izdkj osQ mik;ksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ekSfnzd uhfr osQ midj.kksa esa [kqys cktkj izpkyu (open
market operations), vfodflr ns'kksa esa LiQhfr dks fu;af=kr djus esa liQy ugha gSa D;ksafd fcy ek£dV NksVk
vkSj vfodflr gksrk gSA de£'k;y cSad yksp'khy udn&tek (cash-deposit) vuqikr j[krs gSa D;ksafd mu ij
osaQnzh; cSad dk iw.kZ fu;a=k.k ugha gksrkA os viuh lkis{kr;k de C;kt njksa osQ dkj.k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa esa Hkh
fuos'k djus osQ vfuPNqd gksrs gSaA blosQ vfrfjDr] ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa esa fuos'k djus dh ctk, os vius fjtoks±
dks rjy :i tSls Lo.kZ] fons'kh eqnzk vkSj udnh esa j[kuk ilan djrs gSaA de£'k;y cSad Hkh osaQnzh; cSad ls mèkkj
ysus ;k iqucZV~Vk djrs jguk ugha pkgrsA
cSad nj uhfr Hkh fuEu dkj.kksa ls ,sls ns'kksa esa mruh izHkkodkjh ugha gksrh gSµ(i) cV~Vs osQ fcyksa dh deh_
(ii) fcy ek£dV dk laoqQfpr vkdkj_ (iii) fo'kky xSj&ekSnzhÑr {ks=k tgk¡ oLrq fofue; gksrk gS_ (iv) ns'kh cSadksa
dk vfLrRo tks osaQnzh; cSad osQ lkFk fcyksa dk cV~Vk ugha djrs gSa_ (v) fo'kky udn fjtoZ j[kus dh de£'k;y
cSadksa dh izo`fÙk_ vkSj (vi) fo'kky vlaxfBr eqnzk cktkj dk gksukA
ekSfnzd uhfr osQ midj.k osQ :i esa ifjorZu'khy fjtoZ vuqikr (Variable Reserve Ratio) dk mi;ksx LDCs
esa cSad nj uhfr vkSj [kqys cktkj izpkyuksa dh vis{kk vfèkd izHkkodkjh gksrk gSA pw¡fd izfrHkwfr;ksa dk cktkj cgqr
NksVk gS blfy, [kqys cktkj izpkyu liQy ugha gSaA ijarq osaQnzh; cSad }kjk ifjorZu'khy fjtoZ vuqikr esa o`f¼
;k deh izfrHkwfr;ksa dh dherksa ij fcuk foijhr izHkko Mkys de£'k;y cSadksa osQ ikl miyCèk udnh dks c<+krs
;k ?kVk nsrs gSaA iqu%] de£'k;y cSad fo'kky udn fjtoZ j[krs gSa tks osaQnzh; cSad }kjk ?kVk;s ugha tk ldrsA ijarq
udn fjtoZ vuqikr dks c<+kus ls cSadksa dh rjyrk ?kVrh gSA LDCs esa ifjorZu'khy fjtoZ vuqikr osQ mi;ksx
dh oqQN lhek,¡ gSaµizFke pw¡fd xSj&cSa¯dx foÙkh; eè;LFk osaQnzh; cSad osQ ikl tekvksa dks ugha j[krs gSa blfy,

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 275