Page 106 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

smStI ArQSwsqr dy isDWq

È؇ AviD dy aqpwdn dy bdlwv dw ν guxw
hY[adwhrx dy leI, AviD t + 3 dy su`D
invyS = ν (Y –Y ) jW 40 = 4 (115
t + 3 t + 2
–105)[ iehdw Bwv ieh hY ik qvrk dw
mu`l 4 idqw hox qy AwKwrI aqpwd iv`c
10 kroV rupey dI virDI hox qy puMjIgq
vsquAw dI mMg iv`c 40 kroV rupey dI
virDI huMdI hY[ pirxwmsvrup puMjIgq
vsquAW dI kul mMg v`Dkr 80 kroV rupey
ho jWdI hY (sqMB 6) jyVw 40 kroV rupey
pRiqsQwpn invyS (sqMB 4) Aqy 40 kroV
rupey su`D invyS (sqMB 5) dy joV qo pRwpq
huMdI hY[ jd q`k AwKrI vsquAW (aqpwdn)
dI mMg iv`c virDI hMudI hY qd q`k su`D
invyS Dnwqmk huMdw hY[ pr jd ieh G`t
hoxI sUru huMdI hY qW su`D invyS irxwqmk
huMdw hY[ auqy qwilkw iv`c kul aqpwdn icqr 11.1
(sqMB 2) iv`c AviD t + 1 qo t + 4
q`k v`DeI dr nwl virDI huMdI hY, iesI qrW su`D invyS iv`c[ Pyr AviD t + 5 qo
t + 6 q`k ieh G`tdI dr nwl v`Ddw hY Aqy su`D invyS G`t ho jwdW hY AviD t + 7 qo
t + 9 q`k kul aqpwdn ifgdw hY Aqy su`D ivvyS irxwqmk ho jwdW hY[
qvrx isDWq ƒ ryKwicqr rwhI icqr 11.1 iv`c ivKwieAw igAw hY ijQy auqy dy ihsy iv`c kul aqpwdn vkr
Y + 4 AviD q`k v`DdI dr nwl v`Ddw jwdW hY[ Pyr t + 6 AviD q`k G`tdI dr nwl v`Ddw hY[ iehqo bwd
t
ifgxw sUru kr iddW hY[ icqr iv`c Qwly dy ihsy iv`c l vkr ivKwieAw hY ik AviD t + 4 q`k aqpwd v`Dxy
n
nwl su`D invyS iv`c virDI hMudI hY ikauik aqpwdn v`DdI hoeI dr nwl v`D irhw hY[ pr jd AviD t + 4 Aqy
t + 6 dy iv`c aqpwdn G`tdI dr nwl v`Ddw hY qW su`D invyS G`t ho jwdW hY[ jd t + 7 AviD qy aqpwdn G`t
hoxw sUru krdw hY qW su`D invyS irxwqmk ho jwdW hY[ vkr l ArQ-ivvsQw dy skl invyS ƒ ivKwaudw hY[
g
iehdw ivvhwr su`D invyS vkr dy brwbr hI hY[ pr donW iv`c iek AMqr hY ik skl invyS irxwqmk nhI hY Aqy
jd AviD t + 8 iv`c ieh jIro ho jwdW hY qW l vkr auqy dI Aor v`Dxw suru kr iddW hY[ ieho ijhw ies kwrx
g
ik suD invyS irxwqmk hox nwl vI pRiqsQwpn invyS (R) iek hI dr nwl ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c ho irhw hY[
AwlocnwvW (Its Criticism)
qvrx-inXm dI kTor minXqwvW dy kwrx ArQ-SwqrIAW ny kVI AwlocnwvW kIqI hY[iehdI sImwvW hyT ilKI hY-
1. puMjI-aqpwdn Anupwq siQr nhI (Capital-Out Ratio not Constant) – qvrx-inXm siQr puMjI
aqpwdn (capital-output ratio) Anupwq qy AwDwirq hY[ pr AwDuink rwPqwr vwly sMswr iv`c ieh Anupwq
siQr nhI hhdw[AwivSkwr Aqy aqpwdn Aqy aqpwdn dI qknIk iv`c inrMqr suDwr huMdy rhMdy hn ijQy
nwl puMjI apskr dw pRiq iekweI aqpwdn v`D jwdW hY[ Aqy, vrqmwn puMjI apskr qo v`D ghnqw nwl
kMm ilqw jw skdw hY[ Pyr, kImqW, mjdUrI, ibAwj dy sMbD nwl ivAwpwirAW dI pRqXwSwAW iv`c bdlwv
nwl BwvI mMg qy pRBwv pYdW hY Aqy puMjI-aqpwdn Anupwq bdl jwdw hY[ ies qrW, puMjI-aqpwdn Anupwq
siQr nhI rihdW blik ivAwpirk-ckr dI iBn AvsQwvW qy bdl jwdW hY[
2. sMswDn locdwr nhI (Resources not Elastic) – qvrx-inXm mMn ildW hY ik swDn aplbD rihdy hY
(resources are available)[ swDn locdwr hoxy cwihdy qwik auhnWƒ puMjIgq vsqu aDogW qy lwieAw jw
sky ijdy nwl auh ivsqwr kr skx[ieh qd hI sMbv hY jdik ArQ-ivvsQw iv`c byrojgwrI hovy[ pr jd
ArQ-ivvsQw iek vwr purx rojgwr dy p`Dr qy puMj jWdI hY, qW prXwpq swDnW dI ApRwpXqw dy kwrx
pMujI-vsqu aDog ivsqwr nhI kr pwdyN[ iehdy nwl qvrx inXm dI kwrvwhI sIimq ho jWdI hY[

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