Page 261 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—20% la?kh; foÙk O;oLFkk

fnu izfrfnu o`f¼ gks jgh gSA nwljh vksj] jkT; ljdkjksa dks LorU=krk ,oa Lok;Ùkrk (autonomy) osQ vk/kj ij uksV
vk£Fkd ,oa lkekftd fodkl osQ nkf;Ro lkSais tkrs gSaA iQyLo:i muosQ vlkoZtfud O;;ksa esa rhozrk ls o`f¼
gksrh tkrh gSA vr% O;kogkfjd thou esa ;g ns[kk tkrk gS fd osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ vk; osQ lk/uksa esa jkT; ljdkj
osQ vk; osQ lk/uksa dh vis{kk rsth ls o`f¼ gksrh gS rFkk jkT; ljdkj osQ O;; esa osQUnzh; ljdkjksa dh vis{kk
rsth ls o`f¼ gksrh gSA bldk vFkZ ;g gqvk fd osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ ikl vk; osQ lk/u gSa rFkk jkT; ljdkj osQ
ikl mÙkjnkf;Ro gSa] iQyLo:i la?kh; foÙk&O;oLFkk esa vlUrqyu mRi gks tkrk gSA
bl lEcU/ esa nwljk roZQ ;g fn;k tkrk gS fd izR;sd ljdkj osQ dk;Z ,oa mÙkjnkf;Ro igys dh vis{kk cgqr
c<+ x;s gSa_ fdUrq tc osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ dk;ks± ,oa mÙkjnkf;Roksa esa o`f¼ gksrh gS rc LFkkuh; ljdkjksa osQ vk;
osQ lk/uksa esa ls fgLlk ysus yxrh gSA iQyLo:i LFkkuh; ljdkjksa osQ vk; osQ lk/u vkSj muosQ dk;ks± esa
vlUrqyu mRi gks tkrk gSA
dk;ks± vkSj vk; osQ lk/uksa esa vlUrqyu dk rhljk dkj.k vk£Fkd vlekurkvksa dks crk;k tkrk gSA tc lkjs ns'k
dk lUrqfyr :i ls vk£Fkd o lkekftd fodkl djus dh uhfr dks viuk;k tkrk gS rc vis{kkÑr fu/Zu jkT;ksa
osQ lk/uksa ij vR;f/d ncko iM+rk gS] ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i dY;k.kdkjh jkT; (Welfare State) dh
LFkkiuk esa ck/k iM+rh gSA blls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd mu {ks=kksa esa vk; osQ lk/uksa esa deh gksrh gS tgk¡¡ ij budh
vR;f/d vko';drk gksrh gSA bu {ks=kksa essa dk;ks± ,oa vk; osQ lk/uksa esa vlUrqyu gksrk gSA

VkLd vk; osQ lk/uksa vkSj vko';drkvksa esa vlarqyu dk eq[; dkj.k D;k gS\

20-3-2 vlUrqyu dks fdl izdkj nwj fd;k tk,\ (How to Remove Imbalance?)
la?k rFkk jkT;ksa esa foÙkh; vlUrqyu dks v/ksfyf[kr izdkj ls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gSµ;k rks jkT; ljdkjkas osQ
oqQN dk;Z osQUnzh; ljdkj dks gLrkUrfjr dj fn;s tk,a] ;k osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ oqQN vk; osQ lk/u jkT; ljdkjkas
dks gLrkUrfjr dj fn;s tk,¡A la?k rFkk jkT;ksa osQ chp foÙkh; vlUrqyu dks osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ oqQN djksaa dks
jkT; ljdkjksa dks gLrkUrfjr djosQ Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA fdUrq bl n`f"Vdks.k dk fojks/ ,d:irk
(uniformity) ,oa izcU/ dh oqQ'kyrk (administrative efficiency) osQ vk/kj ij fd;k x;k gSA blosQ
vfrfjDr osQUnz rFkk jkT;ksa osQ chp vlUrqyu dks] osQUnz ls oqQN /ujkf'k jkT;ksa dks gLrkUrfjr djosQ] nwj fd;k
tk ldrk gSA la?kh; O;oLFkkvksa esa vkerkSj ij ;gh i¼fr izpfyr gSA vkLVªsfy;k osQ dkWeuoSYFk vuqnku vk;ksx
us dgk gS fd geus dkWeuoSYFk ls jkT;ksa dks cM+h vkSj c<+rh gqbZ ek=kk esa /ujkf'k;ksa dks gLrkUrfjr djuk Lohdkj
dj fy;k gS] D;kasfd dkWeuoSYFk vklkuh ls vk; esa o`f¼ dj ldrh gSA

20-3-3 foÙkh; lk/ukas dks ljdkjksa osQ chp gLrkUrfjr djus osQ rjhosQ
(Forms of Inter-government Financial Transfers)

la?k rFkk jkT;ksa esa foÙkh; vlUrqyu dks nwj djus osQ fy, fuEu mik; fd;s tkrs gSa ftlls la?k dh izR;sd bdkbZ
dk;ks± ,oa lk/uksa dh n`f"V ls vkRefuHkZj gks losQA osQUnz o jkT;ksa esaa rFkk vUrjkZT;ksa osQ foÙkh; lk/uksa dk
lek;kstu blfy, Hkh vko';d gS D;ksafd la?k dh lc bdkb;ksa dks vk; osQ leku Ïksrksa ls leku vk; izkIr
ugha gksrh gSaA bldk eq[; dkj.k ;g gS fd la?k dh lHkh bdkb;k¡ vk£Fkd n`f"V ls ,d&lh ugha gksrha] oqQN
bdkb;ksa dh vk£Fkd fLFkfr vPNh gksrh gS rFkk oqQN dh detksjA iQyLo:i] vk; osQ ,d gh Ïksr ls fofHkUu
jkT;ksa dks vleku vk; izkIr gksrh gS D;ksafd mudh lkekftd o vk£Fkd ifjfLFkfr;k¡ leku ugha gSaA fdUrq ns'k
osQ lUrqfyr fodkl osQ fy, leqfpr foÙkh; lek;kstu gksuk vko';d gS] blosQ fy, fuEu fof/;ksa dks viuk;k
tkrk gSµ

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 255
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY