Page 265 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—20% la?kh; foÙk O;oLFkk

bl izdkj osQ vuqnku la?kh; O;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu ?kVdksa (osQUnz ,oa jkT; ljdkj) osQ eè; foÙkh; lEcU/ksa dh uksV
vlekurkvksa esa deh djus esa lgk;d gks ldrs gSaA ;s vuqnku osQUnz ljdkj }kjk fofHkUu jkT;ksaa esa f'k{kk] fpfdRlk
bR;kfn enksa ij O;; djosQ iznku fd;s tk ldrs gSaA bl izdkj vuqnku osQUnz ljdkj vFkok foÙk vk;ksx osQ
vf/dkj {ks=k esa gks ldrs gSaA
vesfjdk rFkk Hkkjr esa oqQN fof'k"V mís';ksa osQ fy, osQUnz ljdkj jkT;ksa dks lgk;rk iznku djrh gSA bl izdkj
osQ vuqnku oqQN fuf'pr dk;ZØeksa osQ fy, gh fn;s tkrs gSa rFkk osQUnz ljdkj ml ifj;kstuk dh 'ks"k ykxr dk
,d fuf'pr vuqikr gh vk£Fkd lgk;rk nsrh gSA ifj;kstuk dh 'ks"k ykxr mu jkT; dks vius lk/uksa }kjk iwjh
djuh iM+rh gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa jkT;ksa dks osQoy osQUnz }kjk iznku dh x;h lgk;rk ij gh fuHkZj ugha jguk pkfg,] cfYd
mUgsa vius vk; osQ lk/uksa esa Hkh o`f¼ djuh pkfg,A

(4) jkT;ksa dk la?k ljdkj osQ fy, va'knku
bl iz.kkyh osQ vUrxZr] ftl izdkj la?k ljdkj jkT;ksa dks vk£Fkd lgk;rk vFkok vuqnku nsrh gS mlh izdkj
jkT; ljdkjsa Hkh osQUnzh; ljdkj dks mlosQ [kpks± dh iw£r osQ fy, vuqnku nsrh gSA fdl jkT; dks fdl vk/kj
ij rFkk fdruk vuqnku osQUnz ljdkj dks mlosQ [kpsZ dh iw£r osQ fy, nsuk pkfg,] ;g ,d tfVy leL;k gSA
blosQ vUrxZr jkT; ljdkjsa viuh vk; dk ,d fuf'pr izfr'kr Hkh osQUnz ljdkj dks vuqnku ossQ :i esa ns
ldrh gSaA
fdUrq foÙkh; lek;kstuk (Financial adjustment) vFkok osQUnz rFkk jkT;ksa esa vk; osQ lk/uksa vkSj mudh
vko';drk osQ chp lUrqyu LFkkfir djus osQ fy, bl fof/ dks vPNk ugha le>k tkrk gSS D;ksafd blesa vusd
nks"k gSaA bl iz.kkyh dk lcls cM+k nks"k gS fd osQUnzh; ljdkj dks vius [kpks± osQ fy, jkT; ljdkjksa ij fuHkZj
jguk iM+rk gS] tks fcYoqQy vuqi;qDr gS] D;ksafd osQUnzh; ljdkj dks ns'k dh j{kk tSls egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z djus iM+rs
gSaA ;fn bu mÙkjnkf;Roksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, og jkT;ksa ij fuHkZj jgrh gS rks og dHkh Hkh oqQ'kyrk o
vkRefo'okl osQ lkFk dk;Z ugha dj ldrhA blosQ vfrfjDr jkT;ksa dk dk;Z&{ks=k cgqr lhfer gksrk gSA os i;kZIr
:i esa osQUnz dks vk£Fkd lgk;rk iznku ugha dj ldrsA

20-4 la?kh; foÙk dh vk/qfud izo`fÙk;k¡
(Recent Trends in Federal Finance)

la?kh; ljdkj dk ;g nkf;Ro gS fd og la?kh; O;oLFkk esa vk£Fkd fodkl dks izksRlkfgr djsA blosQ fy, mls
i;kZIr 'kfDr iznku dh tk,A izks- ,iQ- th- dkjuy (F.G. Carnell) osQ vuqlkj] ¶orZeku n'kkvksa esa osQUnz
ljdkj dks i;kZIr ek=kk esa 'kfDr iznku djuh pkfg, rkfd og mu vk£Fkd ,oa lkekftd nkf;Roksa dks fuHkk losQ]
1
tks vk/qfud osQUnz ljdkj ls vk'kk dh tkrh gSA¸ lkekftd lsok,¡ tSls csjkstxkjh lqj{kk] chekjh lqj{kk]
o`¼koLFkk esa isa'ku] fo/okvksa rFkk vukFkksa dks ias'ku bR;kfn lHkh jkT;ksa easa leku Lrj rFkk leku fl¼kUrksa ij
iznku dh tk,aA blosQ fy, vko';d gS fd blosQ fy, osQUnz ljdkj O;oLFkk LFkkfir djs rFkk budks dk;kZfUor
djus esa lHkh jkT; lg;ksx iznku djsaA bl izdkj Li"V gS fd osQUnz ljdkj dks vf/d 'kfDr iznku dh tk,A
;s izo`fÙk;k¡ la?kh; foÙk dks izHkkfor djrh gSa rFkk buesa ls oqQN izo`fÙk;k¡ foÙkh; uhfr dks fodflr djus esa
lgk;d gks ldrh gSaµ

1. F.G. Carnell —Federalism in India. Page 29.

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
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LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY