Page 214 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV C;kt&nj ?kVdj OR gks tkrh gSA blosQ iQyLo:i iwath BP 1 LM
1
dk cká izokg gksrk gS vkSj iwath ys[kk ?kkVk mRiUu gksrk
gSA vk; Lrj OY ls ?kVkdj OY gks tkus ls vk;kr de BP
1
gksrs gSA vkSj pkyw ys[kk ?kkVk mRiUu gksrk gSA D;ksafd R E
fcUnq E oozQ BP osQ nkb± rjiQ uhps dh vksj gSA C;kt nj R
1
okLro esa laoqQpudkjh foÙkh; uhfr dk Hkqxrku 'ks"k ij 1 IS
E 1
iM+us okyk izHkko BP oozQ dh yksp ij fuHkZj djsxkA
IS
fp=k&19.2 esa BP oozQ ykspnkj gS] ijUrq ;fn BP de 1
ykspnkj gS tSlk fd fp=k esa BP gS rks laoqQpudkjh foÙkh;
1
Y
O
1 Y
uhfr ls Hkqxrku 'ks"k vfrjsd gksxk] D;ksafd ,slh fLFkfr esa vk;
fcUnq E oozQ BP osQ mQij ckb± vksj fLFkr gSA fp=k 19-2
1

laoqQpudkjh foÙkh; uhfr dk iw.kZ ifj.kke Hkqxrku 'ks"k esa ?kkVk gSA

19-2 O;; cnykodkjh uhfr;ka (Expenditure Switching Policies)

Hkqxrku 'ks"k vlUrqyu dks Bhd djus osQ fy, vFkkZr~ cká lUrqyu dks cuk, j[kus osQ fy, O;; cnykodkjh
uhfr;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
tksulu nks izdkj dh O;; cnykodkjh uhfr;ksa dk mYys[k djrk gSA izFkeμvoewY;u rFkk nwljkμvk;kr dks
jksdus osQ fy, rFkk Hkqxrku 'ks"k ?kkVs dks Bhd djus osQ fy, izR;{k fu;U=k.kksa dk iz;ksxA
1. voewY;u (Devaluation): voewY;u O;; cnykodkjh uhfr ls lEcfU/r gS] D;ksafd ;g O;; dks vk;kfrr
oLrqvksa ls ?kjsyw oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dh vksj foofrZr djrk gSA voewY;u ls rkRi;Z gS ?kjsyw eqnzk osQ cká ewY;
esa fons'kh eqnzkvksa dh rqyuk esa deh ykukA bl izfozQ;k ls ns'k dh vkUrfjd ozQ; 'kfDr esa fdlh rjg dk ifjorZu
ugha gksrkA tc dksbZ ns'k Hkqxrku 'ks"k ?kkVs dks Bhd djus osQ fy, viuh eqnzk dk voewY;u djrk gS rks ml
ns'k esa vk;kfrr oLrqvksa osQ ?kjsyw ewY; c<+ tkrs gSa] D;ksafd fu;kZfrr oLrqvksa osQ fons'kh ewY; esa deh vk tkrh
gS tcfd fu;kZr igys ls vf/d lLrs gks tkrs gSaA blls vk;kr grksRlkfgr gksrs gSa vkSj fu;kZr dks izksRlkgu
feyrk gSA ns'kh oLrqvksa dh ?kjsyw rFkk fons'kh ekax dks iwjk djus osQ fy, mRiknu dks c<+k;k tkrk gSA bl dkj.k
fons'kh oLrqvksa dh vksj O;; esa cnyko vkrk gSA fons'kh osQ LFkku ij ns'kh oLrqvksa ij O;; esa vf/drk vkrh
gS rFkk vk;kr igys ls vf/d egaxs gks tkus ls muesa deh vkrh gSA bl rjg fu;kZr c<+us rFkk vk;kr de
gksus ij Hkqxrku 'ks"k ?kkVk Bhd gks tkrk gSA

2. izR;{k fu;U=k.k (Direct Control): Hkqxrku 'ks"k ?kkVs dks Bhd djus osQ fy, O;; cnykodkjh uhfr dh
nwljh fof/ izR;{k fu;U=k.kksa osQ iz;ksx }kjk oLrqvksa osQ vk;kr dks de djuk gS_ ,slh uhfr fu;kZr osQ fy, ?kjsyw
oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu dks c<+kus osQ lkFk&lkFk vk;kr&izfrLFkkiu oLrqvkssa osQ mRiknu dks izksRlkfgr djrh gSA
mRikndksa dks fu;kZR; oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu dh vksj O;; dks cnyus osQ fy, ljdkj mUgsa mRiknu rFkk fu;kZr
lfClfM;ka nss ldrh gSA ljdkj vokaNuh; vFkok egRoghu oLrqvksa osQ vk;kr ij Hkkjh vk;kr 'kqYd yxkdj]
dksVk fu/kZfjr dj muosQ vk;kr dks de dj ldrh gSA lkFk gh og vko';d oLrqvksa dks fcuk 'kqYd vFkok
de 'kqYd vFkok de 'kqYd vFkok mu ij mnkj dksVs }kjk muosQ vk;kr dks Loho`Qfr ns ldrh gSA mnkgj.k
osQ fy, ljdkjh iwath oLrqvksa osQ fu%'kqYd vk;kr dh vuqefr ns ldrh gS tcfd foykflr oLrqvksa ij Hkkjh

208 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY