Page 192 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV lg&lEcU/ osQ foLr`r fo'ys"k.k osQ ifj.kkeLo:i fuEu izdkj dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ mRiUu gks ldrh gSaμ
(1) izR;{k lEcU/ (Direct Relationship)μnksuksa Jsf.k;ksa esa dk;Z&dkj.k lEcU/ gks ldrk gSA
(2) rhljk lekiorZd dkj.k (Third Common Cause)μ;g gks ldrk gS fd nksuksa Jsf.k;k¡ fdlh rhljs
lkekU; dkj.k ls ,d gh fn'kk esa ;k foijhr fn'kkvksa esa izHkkfor gks jgh gksaA
(3) ijLij izfrfØ;k (Mutual Interaction)μnksuksa Jsf.k;k¡ ijLij ,d&nwljs ij izHkko Mky ldrh gSaA
nksuksa gh dkj.k o nksuksa gh ifj.kke gks ldrs gSaA
(4) fujFkZd lEcU/ (Spurious or Nonsense Correlation)μdHkh&dHkh lexz esa nks Jsf.k;ksa esa lg&lEcU/
u gksrs gq, muesa pqus x;s NksVs izfrn'kks± esa osQoy nso osQ dkj.k lg&lEcU/ ik;k tk ldrk gS tks fujFkZd
gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

1- fuEufyf[kr esa lglac/ Kkr dhft,A
1. nks fo"k;ksa lkaf[;dh rFkk xf.kr esa 10 Nk=kksa dh dksfV (Øe) fuEu izdkj gSaA nksuksa fo"k; esa Nk=kksa dk
Kku fdl gn rd lglEcfU/r gS \
dksfV lkaf[;dh esa (Rank in Statistics) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
dksfV xf.kr esa (Rank in Mathematics) : 2 4 1 5 3 9 7 10 6 8
2. 10 Nk=kksa dks vkokt ijh{k.k esa nks ttksa }kjk fuEu Øe esa j[kk x;k %
Nk=kk,¡ (Girls) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
tt (Judge) I : 4 8 6 7 1 3 2 5 10 9
tt (Judge) II : 3 9 6 5 1 2 4 7 1 10
D;k nks ttksa dh vkokt osQ izfr leku ilUn gS \
3. 15 Nk=kksa dh nks fo"k;ksa A rFkk B esa dksfV fuEu izdkj gSaA dks"Bd esa fy[kh la[;k ,d Nk=k osQ Øe'k% A
vkSj B fo"k; dh dksfV dks izn£'kr djrh gSA fLi;jeSu lw=k dk iz;ksx djrs gq, dksfV lglEcU/ xq.kkad Kkr
dhft,A
(1, 10), (2, 7), (3, 2), (4, 6), (5, 6), (6, 8), (7, 3), (8, 1), (9, 11), (10, 15), (11, 9), (12, 5),
(13, 14), (14, 12), (15, 13).
4. 8 m|ksxksa osQ ykHk (X) dh dksfV (R ) rFkk pkyw iw¡th (Y) dh dksfV (R ) osQ chp fLi;jeSu dksfV lglEcU/
y
x
xq.kkad ifjdfyr dhft, %
R x : 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
R y : 8 1 3 4 2 6 5 7
5. fLi;jeSu dksfV&vUrj fof/ }kjk fuEufyf[kr vk¡dM+ksa ls lglEcU/ xq.kkad ifjdfyr dhft, %
pk; dh dher (#-) [Price of Tea (Rs.)] : 75 88 95 70 60 80 81 50
dkWiQh dh dher (#-) [Price of Corree (Rs.)] :120 130 150 115 110 140 142 100
6. fuEu vk¡dM+ksa ls dksfV&vUrj lglEcU/ xq.kkad Kkr dhft, %
X : 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
Y : 17 24 28 32 35 30 29 51 56 60 62
7. fuEu vk¡dM+ksa ls ØekUrj lglEcU/ xq.kkad Kkr dhft, %
X : 48 33 40 9 16 16 65 24 16 57
Y : 13 13 24 6 15 4 20 9 6 19

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