Page 24 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV (1) ferO;f;rkμbl jhfr esa le;] èku vkSj ifjJe dh cpr gksrh gSA lwpuk 'kh?kzrk ls ,oa de [kpZ esa
izkIr gks tkrh gSA
(2) bl jhfr osQ iz;ksx ls nwj&njkt osQ LFkkuksa ls Hkh 'kh?kz lwpuk,¡ fey tkrh gSaA vr% ;g jhfr O;kid {ks=kksa
osQ fy, mi;qDr gksrh gSA

jhfr osQ nks"k (Demerits of the Method)μbl jhfr esa fuEu nks"k ik;s tkrs gSaμ
1. 'kq¼rk o ekSfydrk dh dehμbl jhfr ls ,d=k leadksa esa ekSfydrk ,oa 'kq¼rk dk vHkko jgrk gS]
D;ksafd buesa vuqekuksa dks vfèkd egRo fn;k tkrk gSA
2. ,d:irk dk vHkkoμ;s vk¡dM+s fHkUu&fHkUu laoknnkrkvksa }kjk vyx&vyx fofèk;ksa ls ,d=k fd;s
tkrs gSa vkSj fofHkUu 'kCnksa osQ vyx&vyx vFkZ Hkh yxkrs gSa ftuls leadksa esa ,d:irk dk vHkko
jgrk gSA
3. i{kikrμdbZ ckj laoknnkrkvksa osQ i{kikr osQ dkj.k lead ,dkaxh gks tkrs gSaA

4. dbZ ckj laoknnkrkvksa }kjk lwpuk,¡ bruh foyEc ls Hksth tkrh gSa fd fo"k; dk egRo gh lekIr gks
tkrk gSA
lkoèkkfu;k¡ (Precautions)μbl jhfr dks iz;ksx djrs le; fuEu ckrsa è;ku esa j[kuh pkfg,μ
(1) laoknnkrkvksa dh fu;qfDr lksp&le>dj ,oa lroZQrk ls djuh pkfg,A
(2) laoknnkrkvksa dh O;fDrxr jk; dk de&ls&de iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A

(3) ,d {ks=k esa laoknnkrkvksa dh la[;k i;kZIr gksuh pkfg,A
4. lwpdksa }kjk vuqlwfp;k¡ Hkjdj lwpuk izkfIr
(Information through Schedules to be filled in by Informants)
bl jhfr dks ^Mkd&iz'ukoyh iz.kkyh* (Mailed Questionnarie Method) Hkh dgrs gSaA bl jhfr esa vuqlUèkkudrkZ
leL;k ls lEcfUèkr iz'uksa dh ,d lwph (iz'ukoyh) rS;kj djrk gSA fiQj lwph dh izfr;k¡ Mkd }kjk lwpuk nsus
okyksa osQ ikl Hkst nsrk gS_ tks mls Hkjdj fuf'pr frfFk rd ykSVk nsrs gSaA lwpuk nsus okyksa dk lg;ksx ,oa
fo'okl izkIr djus osQ fy, lwph osQ lkFk ,d vuqjksèk i=k layXu gksrk gS ftlesa tk¡p dk mís'; Li"V fd;k
tkrk gS ,oa lwpuk dks xqIr j[kus dk vk'oklu fn;k tkrk gSA bl jhfr dk iz;ksx fuEu ifjfLFkfr esa djrs gSaμ
(1) leadksa osQ ladyu dh ;g jhfr mu foLr`r {ks=kksa osQ fy, mfpr gS tgk¡ lwpuk nsus okys f'kf{kr gSaA
(2) bl jhfr dk iz;ksx er losZ{k.k (Opinion Surveys) ,oa miHkksDrkvksa dh #fp;ksa dk vuqlUèkku djus
esa dkjxj gSA
(3) Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk bl jhfr dk iz;ksx m|ksxksa osQ ok£"kd losZ{k.k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

jhfr osQ xq.k (Merits of Method)μbl jhfr ls fuEu ykHk gSaμ
1. ferO;f;rkμ;g ,d de [kphZyh jhfr gS ftlls de le;] Je ,oa èku esa foLr`r {ks=k dh lwpuk,¡
miyCèk gks tkrh gSaA
2. ekSfydrkμlwpdksa }kjk Lo;a lwpuk,¡ fn;s tkus osQ dkj.k blesa ekSfydrk gksrh gS ,oa fo'oluh;
gksrh gSaA
3. foLr`r {ks=kμ;g jhfr foLr`r {ks=k osQ fy, mi;ksxh gksrh gSA
jhfr osQ nks"k (Demerits of the Method)μbl jhfr esa fuEu nks"k gSaμ
1. vi;kZIr ,oa viw.kZ lwpukμvfèkdka'kr% Hksth xbZ vuqlwph] lwpd okil gh ugha Hkstrs gSaA tks
vuqlwfp;k¡ okil vk tkrh gSa os viw.kZ gksrh gSaA mnklhurk ;k 'kadk osQ dkj.k lwpdksa }kjk iz'uksa osQ mÙkj

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