Page 25 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

bdkbZ—2% leadksa osQ ladyu osQ izdkj % izkFkfed ,oa f}rh;d lead izkFkfed leadksa osQ ladyu dh fof/;k¡

ugha fn;s tkrs gSaA bl izdkj lwpdksa }kjk mfpr mÙkj u nsus osQ dkj.k vuqlUèkku esa vfHkufr ,oa Jeksa uksV
dk lekos'k gks tkrk gSA
2. 'kq¼rk dh dehμbl jhfr ls izkIr dh xbZ lwpuk esa 'kq¼rk de gksrh gSA lwpdksa }kjk Hksth xbZ lwpuk
esa i{kikr dh Hkkouk gksrh gSA
3. ypd'khyrk dk vHkkoμ;g jhfr ykspnkj ugha gSA vi;kZIr lwpuk izkIr gksus ij vko';d la'kksèku
djosQ Hkh iz;ksx ugha dj ldrs gSaA
4. lhfer {ks=kμ;g jhfr f'kf{kr O;fDr;ksa osQ fy, gksrh gSA vf'kf{kr O;fDr }kjk bl jhfr ls lwpuk,¡ izkIr
ugha dh tk ldrh gSaA
5. izfr&tk¡p dk vHkkoμbl jhfr esa iz'uksa osQ mÙkj lwpdksa osQ }kjk Lo;a Hkjs tkrs gSa ftlls
vuqlUèkkudrkZ bu iz'uksa dh izfrtk¡p ugha dj ikrk gSA

lkoèkkfu;k¡ (Precautions)μbl jhfr dk iz;ksx djrs le; fuEu lkoèkkuh j[kh tkrh gSaμ
(1) lwpuk nsus okyksa dks mís'; vkfn dh Li"V tkudkjh ns nsuh pkfg,A
(2) lwph rS;kj djrs le; ;g è;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd iz'u ljy] Li"V o NksVs gksa] iz'u la[;k esa de gksa]
mÙkstuk] 'kadk ;k fojksèk mRiUu djus okys u gksaA gk¡ ;k uk osQ mÙkj okys iz'u gksus pkfg,A iz'u ,sls
gksa ftlls mudh izfrtk¡p gks losQA
(3) lHkh vuqlwfp;k¡ fuf'pr frfFk rd izkIr gks tkuh pkfg,A
(4) lwfp;k¡ fcuk fdlh i{kikr ;k iwokZxzg osQ rS;kj dh xbZ gksaA
5. izx.kdksa }kjk lwpuk izkfIr (Information through Enumerators)

lwpdksa }kjk vuqlwfp;k¡ Hkjokdj e¡xkus ls vusd dfBukb;k¡ gksrh gSa ,oa lwpuk Hkh viw.kZ] vi;kZIr ,oa v'kq¼
gksrh gSA bu dfBukb;ksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, ;g jhfr viukbZ tkrh gSA bl jhfr esa rS;kj dh xbZ lwfp;ksa dks
Mkd }kjk u Hkstdj fu;qDr fd;s x;s izx.kdksa }kjk ?kj&?kj tkdj lwpdksa ls iwNrkN djosQ Lo;a vuqlwfp;k¡ Hkjh
tkrh gSaA bu nksuksa jhfr;ksa esa lekurk ;g gS fd vuqlwfp;ksa osQ iz'u osQ mÙkj Lo;a lwpdksa ls izkIr fd;s tkrs gSa
tcfd vUrj ;g gS fd izFke jhfr esa vuqlwfp;k¡ Mkd ls Hksth tkrh Fkha ftlesa lwpd euethZ ls lwpuk,¡ Hkjrs
Fks tcfd f}rh; jhfr esa izx.kd lwpdksa ls iwNdj Lo;a vuqlwph Hkjrk gSA bl jhfr dk iz;ksx fuEu ifjfLFkfr;ksa
esa djrs gSaA
(1) tgk¡ cgqr foLr`r {ks=k gks pkgs f'kf{kr gks ;k vf'kf{krA
(2) ;g jhfr eq[;r% ljdkj }kjk tux.kuk osQ fy, viukbZ tkrh gSA
(3) bl jhfr dk iz;ksx 'kksèk laLFkkvksa ,oa 'kksèkkFkhZ osQ }kjk ,oa cM+s O;kikj&x`gksa] lkoZtfud miØe vkfn
}kjk Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA
jhfr osQ xq.k (Merits of the Method)μbl jhfr osQ fuEu ykHk gSaμ
1. foLr`r {ks=kμbl iz.kkyh }kjk vR;Ur O;kid {ks=k esa lwpuk,¡ izkIr dj ldrs gSaA
2. 'kq¼rkμbl jhfr esa ;ksX;] izf'kf{kr ,oa vuqHkoh izx.kdksa osQ }kjk lwpuk,¡ ,d=k djus osQ dkj.k 'kq¼rk

dh dkiQh ek=kk jgrh gSA
3. O;fDrxr lEioZQμizx.kdksa dk lwpdksa ls O;fDrxr lEioZQ jgrk gS ftlls tfVy iz'uksa osQ mÙkj Hkh

feyrs gSa vkSj izfr tk¡p Hkh dj ldrs gSaA
4. fu"i{krkμbl jhfr esa i{kikr dk fo'ks"k izHkko ugha iM+rk gS] D;ksafd izx.kd nksuksa izdkj dh
izo`fÙk;ksaμi{k o foi{k osQ gksrs gSaA lwpdksa }kjk i{kikr Hkh izx.kd dh mifLFkfr osQ dkj.k ugha fd;k
tk ldrk gSA

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