Page 86 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV 5-4 lkjka'k (Summary)

• lekUrj ekè; lcls vf/d izpfyr ekè; gS ftldk iz;ksx lkekU;r% izR;sd O;fDr }kjk nSfud thou
esa fd;k tkrk gSA ¶lekUrj ekè; og ewY; gS tks fdlh Js.kh osQ lHkh inksa osQ ewY;ksa osQ ;ksX; esa mu
inksa dh la[;k ls Hkkx nsus ij izkIr gksrk gSA¸
• v[kf.Mr Js.kh esa lekUrj ekè; Bhd mlh izdkj fu/kZfjr fd;k tkrk gS ftl izdkj [kf.Mr Js.kh esa

lw=k Hkh nksuksa esa ,d leku gSA ijUrq vUrj osQoy bruk gS fd v[kf.Mr Js.kh esa igys oxks± osQ
eè;&ewY; (mid-values) fudkys tkrs gSa ftUgsa 'X' dgrs gSaA bl izdkj eè;&ewY; ysus ij v[kf.Mr
Js.kh] [kf.Mr Js.kh dk :i ys ysrh gSA
• ;fn oxZ&foLrkj leku gS rks ^y?kq jhfr* Js"B gS vkSj ;fn oxks± dk foLrkj vleku gS rks ^izR;{k jhfr*

mi;qDr gksxhA
• y?kq jhfr dks vkSj Hkh ljy cukus osQ fy;s in&fopyu jhfr dk iz;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS c'krZs fd Js.kh

esa oxZ&foLrkj ^leku* gksA
• vaxzsth 'kCn 'Mode' dh mRifÙk izsaQp Hkk"kk osQ 'La mode' ls gqbZ gS ftldk vFkZ gS iSQ'ku ;k fjokt

vFkkZr~ ftldk izpyu vf/d gksA vr% cgqyd fdlh lead&ek=kk esa vf/dre vko`fÙk okyk in gksrk
gSA
• ;fn fdlh O;fDrxr Js.kh esa eè;dk (M), lekUrj ekè; (X) vkSj cgqyd rhuks gh Kkr djus gksa rks
bu rhuksa osQ ikjLifjd lEcU/ ij vk/kfjr fuEu lw=k }kjk gh cgqyd ewY; dk vuqeku yxkuk pkfg,μ
(X − Z) = 3(X − M) or Z = 3M – 2X
• lewgu dk mís'; vfu;fer vko`fÙk okys caVu esa vko`fÙk;ksa dk teko fcUnq fuf'pr djuk gksrk gS

D;ksafd vf/dre vko`fÙk fu/kZfjr djus esa fudVre vko`fÙk;ksa dk cgqr izHkko iM+rk gSA
• v[kf.Mr Js.kh esa cgqyd Kkr djus osQ fy, igys cgqyd oxZ dk fu/kZj.k fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn
vko`fÙk;k¡ fu;fer gSa rks fujh{k.k }kjk gh cgqyd oxkZUrj dk irk py tkrk gS ijUrq vfu;fer vko`fÙk;ksa
okyh Js.kh esa lewgu }kjk fo'ys"k.k djosQ cgqyd oxZ fu/kZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA
• eè;dk dk ewY; ,d leku gksuk pkfg, pkgs mldk fu/kZj.k vkjksgh oxkZUrjksa osQ vk/kj ij fd;k tk,

;k vojksgh oxkZUrjksa osQ vk/kj ij] osQUnz&fcUnq dks N/2 ij fLFkr ekuus ls nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa esa eè;dk
leku vkrh gSA
• lekos'kh oxkZUrjksa okyh Js.kh esa eè;dk Kkr djus osQ fy, ;g vko';d gS fd x.kuk djrs le; mUgsa

viothZ oxkZUrj cuk fy;k tk, vU;Fkk ifj.kke xyr vk,xkA
5-5 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• vizfrfuf/dμ,drjiQkA

• lap;hμlap; djuk] bdV~Bk djuk] tek djukA
5-6 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)

1. lekUrj ekè; ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ blosQ fu/kZj.k dh izR;{k ,oa y?kq jhfr crkb,A
2. in&fopyu jhfr }kjk lekarj ekè; dh x.kuk fof/ ,oa bldh lhek,a crkb,A

80 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY