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bdkbZμ5 % ekè;] ekfè;dk rFkk cgqyd osQ vuqiz;ksx
eè;dk lEcU/h egRoiw.kZ rF; uksV
1. vojksgh oxkZUrj (Descending class interval)μtc oxkZUrj vkjksgh Øe esa fn;s x;s gksa rks eè;dk
dk fu/kZj.k fuEu lw=k }kjk fd;k tkrk gSμ
l
( l − ) i
f}rh; lw=kμM = l − 2 1 ( m − c) ;k M = l − 2 ( m − c)
2
f f
2. c dk fu/kZj.kμizFke lw=k dk iz;ksx djus ij c dk eku fuEu izdkj ls Kkr djrs gSaμ
c = (N – c.f ) = (oqQy vko`fÙk – eè;dk oxZ dh lap;h vko`fÙk)
f}rh; lw=k dk iz;ksx djus ij eè;dk oxZ dh fupyh lhek (l ) osQ ctk; Åijh lhek (l ) yh tkrh
1
2
gS ,oa c eè;dk oxZ ls igys okys oxZ dh vko`fÙk gksrh gSA
3. lap;h vko`fÙk Js.kh ;k caVu (Cumulative Frequency Series)μ;fn Js.kh lap;h vko`fÙk caVu osQ
:i esa nh xbZ gks rks mls lkekU; vko`fÙk Js.kh esa cny ysuk pkfg, ftlls eè;dk oxZ dh vko`fÙk Kkr
gks tk,A
F I i
G
K
H
4. tc oxkZUrjksa osQ LFkku ij eè; ewY; fn;s gksaμ,slh fLFkfr esa x.kuk djrs le; M.V. ± J lw=k
2
}kjk oxkZUrj Kkr dj ysrs gSa fiQj eè;dk fu/kZj.k djrs gSaA
5. lekos'kh oxkZUrj (Inclusive class interval)μlekos'kh oxkZUrjksa okyh Js.kh esa eè;dk Kkr djus osQ
fy, ;g vko';d gS fd x.kuk djrs le; mUgsa viothZ oxkZUrj cuk fy;k tk, vU;Fkk ifj.kke xyr
vk,xkA
6. [kqys fljs okyh Js.kh esa eè;dk fu/kZj.kμ,slh Js.kh osQ eè;dk fu/kZj.k esa dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha gksrh
D;ksafd [kqys fljs pje fljs gksrs gSa ftudk lw=k esa dksbZ iz;ksx ugha fd;k tkrk gSA okLro esa [kqys fljs
okyh Js.kh esa eè;dk lokZf/d mi;qDr ekè; ekuk tkrk gSA
7. vleku oxkZUrjksa dh fLFkfr esa eè;dk fu/kZj.kμ;fn oxkZUrj vleku gksa rks eè;dk Kkr djus osQ
fy, mUgsa leku oxkZUrjksa esa cnyus dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA ysfdu ;fn iz'u esa Js.kh iquxZBu osQ
fy, dgk x;k gS rc mUgsa leku oxkZUrj esa cny ysuk pkfg,A
8. tc izFke oxZ gh eè;dk oxkZUrj gksμ;fn izFke oxkZUrj gh eè;dk oxZ gks rks c dk ewY; 'kwU; eku
fy;k tkrk gSA
9. vKkr vko`fÙk;ksa dk fu/kZj.k (Determination of missing frequencies)μ;fn fdlh vko`fÙk Js.kh
dh oqQN vko`fÙk;k¡ vKkr gksa rks lw=k }kjk mUgsa Kkr fd;k tk ldrk gSA blosQ fy, fuEu nks 'krks± esa
ls ,d dk iw.kZ gksuk vko';d gSμ
(i) Js.kh dh eè;dk ,oa oqQy vko`fÙk;k¡ Kkr gksaA
(ii) eè;dk] cgqyd ,oa lekUrj ekè; esa ls dksbZ nks ewY; Kkr gksaA
mnkgj.k (Illustration) 18: uhps fn;s caVu dk eè;dk ewY; 36 gS] vKkr vko`fÙk;k¡ Kkr dhft,A
oxZ varjky : 10—20 20—30 30—40 40—50 50—60
vko`fÙk : 12 — 25 — 40 = 100
gy (Solution): gesa Kkr gS M = 36, N = 100. ekuk vKkr vko`fÙk 20—30 oxZ dh x ,oa 40—50 oxZ dh
y gS rks eè;dk oxZ 30—40 gksxkA
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 77
