Page 20 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZμ1% izkphu dky osQ nkSjku Hkkjr esa f'k{kk% oSfnd vkSj ckS¼dkyhu f'k{kk

ekuo&lEcU/ksa dks ?kfu"Brk iznku djus osQ fy;s ikjLifjd Lusg rFkk lEeku dh Hkkoukvksa dk vR;Ur uksV
egRoiw.kZ LFkku gksrk gSA Nk=k] f'k{kk rHkh xzg.k dj ldrs gSa vkSj f'k{kd] vè;;u&dk;Z esa rHkh #fp ys
ldrs gSa] tc nksuksa lqUnj lEcU/ osQ lw=k ls vkc¼ gksaA ;g lR; gS fd vkt osQ Nk=k vkSj f'k{kd izkphu
;qx osQ vkn'kZ ij ugha igq¡p ldrs gSa] ij fiQj Hkh n`<+ fu'p; ls mldh vksj vxzlj gksdj cgqr&oqQN
liQyrk izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA vr% Nk=kksa rFkk f'k{kdksa dk ml vkn'kZ dh fn'kk esa vxzlj gksuk osQoy
ok¡Nuh; gh ugha] oju~ vR;Ur vko';d Hkh gSA ij ;g rHkh lEHko gks ldrk gS] tc Nk=k xq#&f'k"; lEcUèkh
oSfnd vkn'kZ osQ izfr fu"Bkoku cus vkSj f'k{kd ml vkn'kZ osQ vuqlkj ljLorh&lk/uk esa yhu gksdj ljy
thou O;rhr djsA
3- 'kkUr okrkoj.k (Peaceful Atmosphere)μizkphu dky dh lHkh f'k{kk&'kkyk,¡ uxj osQ dksykgy vkSj
fo"kkDr okrkoj.k ls nwj fdlh 'kkUr ,oa je.khd LFkku esa fLFkr FkhaA vk/qfud ;qx esa uxjhdj.k osQ izHkko osQ
dkj.k lHkh O;fDr;ksa esa uxjksa esa fuokl djus dh izo`fÙk lcy gks x;h gSA ,slh n'kk esa vkt dh f'k{kk&laLFkkvksa
dh uxjksa ls i`Fkdrk lEHko ugha gSA fiQj Hkh] mudk fuekZ.k uxjksa osQ dksykgy vkSj xUnxh ls nwj fdlh 'kkUr]
LoPN] LokLF;dj vkSj izkÑfrd okrkoj.k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA

bl izdkj dh f'k{kk&laLFkk,¡ u osQoy Nk=kksa osQ 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld fodkl esa ;ksxnku nsaxh] oju~ mudh uxjksa
osQ fnu&izfrfnu osQ >xM+ksa] jktuhfrd oqQpØksa vkSj vokaNuh; izo`fÙk;ksa ls j{kk Hkh djsaxhA
4- f'k{k.k fof/ o f'k{kk&fl¼kar (Teaching Method and Principles of Education)μizkphu Hkkjr dh
f'k{k.k&fof/ esa Jo.k] euu] fpUru] Lej.k] izopu] iz'uksÙkj] O;k[;ku] okn&fookn] vkfn dk iz;ksx fd;k
tkrk FkkA vr% ;g f'k{k.k&fof/ vkt Hkh fofHkUu fo"k;ksa osQ iBu&ikBu esa iz;ksx fd;s tkus osQ ;ksX; gS vkSj
mi;ksxh fl¼ gks ldrh gSA

izkphu dky osQ vusd fl¼kar vkt Hkh mrus mi;ksxh vkSj egRoiw.kZ gSa] ftrus fd os izkphu dky esa FksA bl
izdkj osQ oqQN fl¼kUr gSaμNksVh d{kk;sa] O;Lr fnup;kZ] O;fDrxr è;ku vkSj vPNh vknrksa dk fuekZ.kA
5- vè;;u osQ fo"k; (Subject of Study)μvk/qfud Hkkjrh; f'k{kk esa vusd fo"k;ksa dks LFkku fn;k x;k gS]
ij laLÑr dh izk;% iw.kZ mis{kk dh x;h gSA oLrqr% laLÑr Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; esa 'kkfUr] ekuork vkSj
fo'o&Hkzkr`Ro dh ,slh vewY; fuf/;k¡ gSa] ftudks u osQoy Hkkjr osQ ikB~;Øe esa oju~ lc ns'kksa osQ ikB~;Øeksa
dk vfHkUu vax gksuk pkfg;sA blosQ vfrfjDr oSfnd ikB~;Øe ls ,sls vusd rRo xzg.k fd;s tk ldrs gSa] tks
vk/qfud Hkkjr osQ uSfrd] jk"Vªh; vkSj lkaLÑfrd mRd"kZ esa vf}rh; ;ksxnku ns ldrs gSaA MkW- egs'kpUnz ¯l?ky
osQ vuqlkj] ¶;fn bu ckrksa dh mis{kk dh tkrh gS] rks Hkkjrh; f'k{kk] if'pe dk FkksFkk vuqdj.k ek=k jg tk;sxh]
ftlesa ekSfydrk dh >yd ugha fey losQxhA¸

6- Nk=kksa dk ljy thou (Simple Life of Students)μoSfnd dkyhu Hkkjr osQ Nk=k lnk] ljy vkSj la;eh
thou O;rhr djrs FksA vk/qfud Hkkjr esa mudk thou Hkys gh v{kj'k% vuqdj.kh; u gks] ij xzg.kh; vo';
gSA vkt osQ Nk=kksa osQ thou esa vkewy ifjorZu gks x;k gSA muosQ thou dk eq[; y{;] f'k{kk izkIr djuk ugha
gS] vfirq flusek ns[kuk] gM+rkysa djuk] v'yhy lkfgR; i<+uk] u'khyh oLrqvksa dk iz;ksx djuk vkSj ,s'o;Ziw.kZ
thou O;rhr djuk gks x;k gSA
,slh ifjfLFkfr esa izkphu dky osQ Nk=kksa osQ mnkgj.k dks vkt osQ Nk=kksa osQ le{k j[kdj muosQ n`f"Vdks.k
esa ifjorZu fd;k tkuk vfuok;Z gSA MkW- egs'kpUnz ¯l?ky osQ vuqlkj] ¶fl¼kUr :i esa gesa bruk rks ekuuk
gh pkfg;s fd vkt Hkys gh flj ew¡Mus] y¡xksVh ck¡/us rFkk L=kh tkfr osQ n'kZu ek=k ls cpdj jgus dh rks
vko';drk ugha gS] ysfdu lknk vkSj la;eh thou] fu;fer fnup;kZ rFkk nqO;Zluksa ls cpdj jguk ok¡Nuh;
gSA¸

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 13