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funsZ'ku rFkk ijke'kZ




                    uksV                osQ mRiUu gksrs gh] izR;sd LFkku ij] rRdky dksbZ lekèkku izkIr djkus okyk fey tk,xk vr% mfpr ;g
                                        gS fd izR;sd leL;k osQ lekèkku gsrq O;fDr dks vkJfr cukus osQ LFkku ij O;fDr esa gh bl izdkj dh
                                        ;ksX;rkvksa dk fodkl fd;k tk, fd os èkhjs&èkhjs Lo;a gh viuh leL;kvksa dk lekèkku dj losaQA
                                    • funsZ'ku lsokvksa osQ vUrxZr oS;fDrd fofHkUurkvksa dks egÙo nsuk pkfg;sμizR;sd O;fDr fdlh u
                                        fdlh :i esa ,d nwljs ls fHkUu gksrk gSA
                                    • funsZ'ku iznku djus okyksa dks izf'kf{kr gksuk pkfg;sμvkèkqfud ;qx esa Kku dk vR;fèkd foLrkj gqvk
                                        gSA izR;sd {ks=k esa fof'k"Vhdj.k dh izo`fÙk osQ dkj.k vkt ;g lEHko ugha gS fd izR;sd O;fDr leLr {ks=kksa
                                        dh lS¼kfUrd ,oa O;kogkfjd tkudkjh] leku :i ls j[k losaQA
                                    • fofHkUu dk;ZdrkZvksa dh Hkwfedk esa leUo; djukμfunsZ'ku izfØ;k osQ vUrxZr fofHkUu dk;ZdÙkkZvksa
                                        dh Hkwfedk dk lefUor egRo gksrk gSA bl izfØ;k dh liQyrk osQ fy, ;g vko';d gS fd leLr izdkj
                                        osQ funsZ'ku d£e;ksa osQ dk;Z esa mfpr leUo; LFkkfir fd;k tk;sA
                                    • rkRdkfyd jktuhfrd ,oa lkekftd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh tkudkjhμO;fDr ,oa lekt osQ fodkl esa
                                        rRdkfyd lkekftd ,oa jktuSfrd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku jgrk gSA ,d funsZ'ku iznku djus okys
                                        O;fDr dks bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls ifjfpr jguk furkUr vko';d gksrk gSA
                                    • O;fDr ,oa lekt dh vko';drkvksa osQ vuq:i ifjorZuh;μizR;sd lekt dh viuh futh
                                        vko';drk,¡ gksrh gSa vkSj bu vko';drkvksa dh iw£r osQ ekè;e ls gh ;g lEHko gSA
                                    • lkekU; O;fDr;ksa osQ fy, funsZ'ku dh miyCèkrkμfunsZ'ku dk;ZØeksa dk lapkyu djrs le;] ;g
                                        O;oLFkk dh tkuh pkfg, fd vfèkdkfèkd O;fDr;ksa dks funsZ'ku lsokvksa dk ykHk izkIr gks losQA
                                  2-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)


                                        • vftZrμxzg.k djukA
                                        • lrr~μyxkrkjA


                                  2-5 vH;kl&iz'u  (Review Questions)

                                    1. funsZ'ku osQ eq[; vfèkfu;e crkb, vkSj egRo Hkh Li"V dhft,A
                                    2. funsZ'ku osQ fofHkUu y{;ksa dk mYys[k djsaA
                                    3. funsZ'ku osQ y{;ksa rFkk eq[; vfèkfu;eksa ij laf{kIr fVIi.kh fyf[k,A

                                  mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu  (Answers: Self  Assessment)
                                      1.  1. ewY;kadu         2. funsZ'ku       3. oLrqfu"BA
                                      2.  1. lgh              2. xyr            3. lgh          4- xyr


                                  2-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ  (Further Readings)




                                            1. f'k{kk euksfoKkuμ MkW- jke 'kdy ik.Ms; (Educational Psychology), vkj- yky cqd fMiksA
                                            2. 'kSf{kd ,oa O;olkf;d funsZ'ku rFkk ijke'kZ (Educational Vocational Guidance and Counseling)
                                               μ Mk- vkj- ,- 'kekZ] Mk- f'k[kk prqosZnh] vkj yky cqd fMiksA
                                            3. f'k{k.k vfèkxe dk euksfoKkuμ MkW- vkj- ,.M 'kekZ] vkj- yky cqd fMiksA



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