Page 83 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_HINDI

bdkbZ—6% 'kSf{kd ,oa O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku

O;olk; dks pquus] mlosQ fy, rS;kj djus] mlesa izos'k djus rFkk mlesa fodkl djus gsrq lwpuk nsus] vuqHko nsus uksV
rFkk lq>ko nsus dh izfØ;k gSA¸
Vocational Guidance is the giving of information experience and advice in regard of choosing
an occupation, preparing for it, entering it and progressing in it.
bu ifjHkk"kk ls iwoZ (1908) bZ- esa izsaQd ikjlUl osQ }kjk viuh ,d fjiksVZ esa] funsZ'ku 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k
tk pqdk Fkk] ijUrq funsZ'ku osQ O;kolkf;d i{k dks] muosQ }kjk ifjHkkf"kr djus dk dksbZ iz;kl ugha fd;k x;kA
bl izdkj O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku dks ifjHkkf"kr djus osQ mijksDr iz;kl dks gh loZizFke iz;kl osQ :i esa Lohdkj
fd;k tkrk gS] fiQj Hkh vusd izdkj ls mijksDr ifjHkk"kk dks =kqfViw.kZ cryk;k x;kA bl =kqfV dk izeq[k dkj.k
;g Fkk fd ;g ifjHkk"kk fdlh ,d O;fDr osQ }kjk ifjHkkf"kr ugha dh xbZ] oju~ dbZ fo}kuksa osQ lefUor iz;kl
dks bl ifjHkk"kk osQ ekè;e ls vfHkO;Dr dj fn;k x;kA ;gh dkj.k gS fd (1937) bZ- esa bl ,lksfl,'ku osQ
}kjk nwljh ifjHkk"kk izLrqr dh xbZA bl esa izLrqr ifjHkk"kkμ
¶O;olk; funsZ'ku ,d izfØ;k gS tks O;olk; p;u] blosQ gsrq rS;kj gksus esa] blesa izos'k djus esa rFkk mlesa
n{krk izkIr djus esa lgk;rk nsrh gSA bldk eq[; mís'; thfodk&fuekZ.k rFkk fu.kZ; ysus esa lgk;rk djus ls
gSA ;g fu.kZ; rFkk bPNk,¡ O;kolkf;d lek;kstu dk mís'; larks"ktud :i ls iwjk djrh gSA¸
“Vocational Guidance is the process of assisting the individual to choose an occupation, prepare
for it, enter upon and progress in it. It is concerned primarily with helping individuals make
decisions and choices involved in planning a future and building a career decisions and choices
necessary in effecting satisafactory vocational adjustment.”

vUrjkZ"Vªh; Je laxBu (1949) (I. L. O.) osQ }kjk Hkh] O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku dk vk'k; Li"V fd;k x;kA bl
laxBu osQ vuqlkjμ¶O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku] O;fDr;ksa osQ xq.kksa ,oa O;olk; osQ lkFk muosQ lEcUèk dks è;ku esa
j[krs gq,] O;fDr dks O;olk; osQ p;u ,oa mldh izxfr esa vkus okyh leL;kvksa osQ lqy>kus esa iznku dh tkus
okyh lgk;rk dks dgrs gSaA
“Vocational Guidance is the assitance given to individual in solving problems related to
occupatioal choice and progress with due regard for the individual characteristics and their
relation to occupational opportunity.”
–I. L. O.

MksukYM lqij (Donald Super) osQ 'kCnksa esaμ¶fdlh O;fDr dks viuk ,oa O;olk; {ks=k osQ chp viuh Hkwfedk
dk lexz ,oa i;kZIr fp=k cukus] mls Lohdkj djus] okLrfod fLFkfr osQ eè;] bl voèkkj.kk dh tk¡p djus
,oa mls Lo;a osQ lUrks"k rFkk lekt osQ ykHk gsrq] okLrfodrk esa cnyus dh lgk;rk iznku djus osQ miØe
dks O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku dgrs gSaA¸
“Vocational Guidance is the process of helping a person to develop and accept on integrated
picture of him self and of his role in the world of work, to set this concept against reality with
satisfaction to himself and benefit to society.”
–Donald Super
lqij }kjk nh xbZ mijksDr ifjHkk"kk dks ;fn fo'ys"k.k fd;k tk, rks ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd mijksDr ifjHkk"kk
esa O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku osQ lHkh i{kksa dks è;ku esa u j[kdj blosQ dk;ksZ ij gh vfèkd cy fn;k gSA lqij us
Lo;a Hkh bl ifjHkk"kk dks nks"kiw.kZ Lohdkj djrs gq, bldk vkykspukRed fo'ys"k.k fd;k gSA
ek;lZ (Myers) osQ vuqlkjμ muosQ gh 'kCnksa esaμ¶O;olk; funsZ'ku] eq[; :i ls og izfØ;k gS ;qokoLFkk dh
izÑfr {kerkvksa rFkk fo|ky;ksa esa iznÙk izf'k{k.k dks ladfyr djrh gSA ;g bu lcls vfèkd ewY;oku ekuoh;
lkèkuksa dk ladyu] mldk ml LFkku ij mi;ksx djus esa lgk;rk djrh gS tgk¡ ij og vfèkdre dY;k.k
dj losaQA¸
“Vocational Guidance is fundamentally an effort to conserve the priceless native capacities of

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 77