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Unit 21: Application of Educational Management in Academic Areas

controlling steps provide the feedback to classroom management. According to Devies five Notes
learning structures are generated through classroom management from primary to higher stage.
There is continuum and great variation in classroom management.
(d) Organizing Teaching : This approach assumes that teaching is a continuum from more
thoughtless to most thoughtful i.e., memory to reflective level i.e., (1) Memory level, (2)
Understanding level and (3) Reflective level. At memory level classroom management is
controlled and dominated by the teacher. At understanding level classroom management is
controlled by both teacher and the learners. At reflective level, the learners dominate, in managing
classroom activities it is a problem solving stage of teaching. The classroom activities are managed
in seminar and conference hall.
(e) Modular Approach of Teaching : Teaching models are used in managing classroom activities.
There are various families of teaching models each family has own classroom management. A
model consists of four fundamental elements - focus, syntax, social system and support system.
The format of classroom management can be studies and analysed with the help of these
elements. The syntax of managing classroom activities indicates the structure of learning. The
variation of classroom management can be identified with this modular approach of teaching.
(f) Operations of Classroom Teaching : It is also known as phases or stages of teaching in classroom.
A general format of classroom management requires three stages of managing classroom
activities. (1) Pre-active stage (2) Interactive stage and (3) Post active stage. The interactive stage
relates to managing classroom operations and activities, the pre-active stage activities are planned
before the classroom. Thus, there is flexibility in managing classroom activities. This concept of
operations of classroom is given by Karl Open Shaw.

21.2 Dimensions of Classroom Management

The approaches of teaching and classroom management reveal the great variation in the structure.
These approaches provide the general format of classroom management. The classroom management
consists of four dimensions.
(1) Physical dimensions or environment.
(2) Social and cultural dimensions.
(3) Psychological dimensions and
(4) Ethical considerations and value dimensions.
In managing classroom activities, a teacher has to consider these four dimensions. A brief description
of these dimensions have been provided in the following paras.
(1) Physical Dimension or Environment : A classroom is a functional unit of an educational
institution. The location buildings lawns and classroom are designed by the manager or founder
of the institution. The classroom management concerns with seating arrangement, light air
arrangement and black board facilities. A teacher as manager has to look into these facilities of
classroom physical setting which should be conducive to learning.
(2) Social and Cultural Dimension : A classroom is a miniatures of the society as well as of an
institution. A classroom management involves relationship social and cultural environment
which depends on following.
(a) Teacher and taught relation.
(b) Relationship among students.
(c) Relation between teacher and principal and
(d) Relationship among teachers.
It is a very classical phrase - John and Latin.’ Here John means students and Latin means content
or subject mother. A teacher must know the background of his students and their entering

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