Page 340 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_ENGLISH

Educational Management

Notes to the number of classes a teachers have to engage at a time. No efficient work can be expected in
such schools. The following principles may be helpful in framing time-table in such schools.
(1) Monitorial System : Intelligent and capable students of senior classes should be trained as
monitors and asked to teach junior class. They can be of substantial help in calligraphy, dictation,
sums of arithmetic and questions of social studies and general science. During the time when
the teacher is attending to another class students may carry on.
(2) Self-study by Pupils : Self study under the supervision and control of the monitor. This will
help inframing the school time-table independent work or self-study by pupils, provided in the
time table itself may be done individually of collectively is small groups. When a teacher attends
is to one class, other classes will go on doing some work through self-study. Such work should
not extend to more than 40 minutes in the higher class and 20 minutes in the lower class.
(3) Collective Classes : While teaching the subjects like General Science, Social Studies, Physical
Training and Drawing etc. The teacher can combine classes. He will have to plan the work very
carefully and adjust the time-table accordingly.
(4) Subject-wise Attention : The teacher can pay special attention to important subjects like
Mathematics and Languages. He can meet different classes for each subject individually while
he can teach the other subjects collectively. He can adjust his time-table.
(5) Double Shift System : The teacher can introduce double shift system to make the school work
more effective. He can meet half the classes in the morning shift and the other half in the
afternoon shift.
(6) Dismission lower classes earlier : The first and the second primary classes may be dismissed
earlier in the day, so that the last periods are left completely for the senior classes.
25.6.1 Guiding Principles of Making Time-Table
Wofford suggests the following guiding principles in programme making :
(1) Equitable Distribution of Teacher’s Time-Table : The programme should be so planned that
each child and each group has an equitable distribution of the teacher’s time.
(2) Fair allotment of time on the Basis of Subjects : The organization of the school should be such
that a fair allotment of time is made on the basis of subjects and subject-matter. What is fair
allotment would have to be decided on the basis of the needs of children.
(3) Time to Study and Play : Every good programme should provide for time to study and play as
well as to recite.
(4) To Serve Children : It should always be kept in mind that the programme is made to serve
children, not to be served by them. It should be child-centred.
25.6.2 Time-Table in Double Shift Schools
Due to overcrowding of pupils and non-availability of enough school buildings double-shift system
has been introduced in a number of high and higher secondary schools. The following four types of
double-shifts have been introduced :
(1) Ladder-wise Shift : High and higher secondary classes attend the school in the morning shift
and middle classes in afternoon.
(2) Section-wise Shift : Half the sections of each class attend the school in the morning shift and
the remaining half in the afternoon.
(3) Sex-wise shift : Girls attend the school in the morning shift and the boys in the afternoon.
(4) Overlapping double-shift : Some classes attend the school in the morning shift, some in the
afternoon and some in both the shifts for certain special subjects like music, drawing, science,
sanskrit, home science, art and crafts. In this case the same teacher these subjects in-both the
shifts.

334 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY