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bdkbZ—10% fu.kZ; fuèkkZj.k vkSj fØ;kUo;u
uksV
f'k{kk iz'kklu osQ {ks=k esa gcZVZ lkbeu }kjk fu.kZ; fl¼kar izfØ;k osQ vè;;u osQ {ks=k
esa ,d ubZ fn'kk iznku dhA bl vè;;u us iz'kklfud fl¼kUr fu:i.k osQ lkFk
izcaèk&iz'kklu dks fu.kZ; fl¼kUr Hkh fn;k gS tks vkt Hkh izcaèkdksa o iz'kkldksa dks
ekxZn'kZu nsrk gSA
10-2 fu.kZ; osQ izdkj vkSj izfØ;k (Types and Process of Decision)
fu.kZ; osQ izdkj (Types of Decision)
fu.kZ; osQ eq[; :i ls fuEufyf[kr pkj izdkj gks ldrs gSaμ
(1) nSfud lkekU; fu.kZ; (Daily Routine decisions)
(2) uhfrxr fu.kZ; (Policy decisions)
(3) oS;fDrd fu.kZ; (Personal or Individual decisions)
(4) lkewfgd fu.kZ; (Collective decisions)
(1) nSfud lkekU; fu.kZ;μos fu.kZ; nSfud lkekU; fu.kZ; dgykrs gSa ftUgsa iz'kkld@izcaèkd fu;fer izcaèku
osQ fy, ysrk gSA buesa LVkiQ osQ lnL;ksa osQ vodk'k] izo`fÙk izHkkjh lacaèkh dk;Z foHkktu] fu;ekUrxZr lkekU;
Ø;] lsfeukj] LVkiQ dks dk;Z'kkykvksa esa Hkstuk ,oa lkekU; O;oLFkk lacaèkh fu.kZ; vkfn vkrs gSaA ;s os fu.kZ;
gSa tks ijEijk ;k foHkkxh; fu;eksa esa iznÙk vfèkdkjksa osQ vUrxZr vkrs gSaA ;fn lgkuqHkwfriwoZd LVkiQ dh leL;k,¡
le>rs gq, izcaèkd LVkiQ osQ lacaèk esa foosdiw.kZ fu.kZ; ysrk gS] vuko';d O;oèkku [kM+k ugha djrk] i{kikr
jfgr fu.kZ; ysrk gS rc og vius LVkiQ dh iz'kalk v£tr djrk gSA blosQ foijhr fu.kZ; ysus ls og vkykspuk
dk ik=k cu tkrk gS rFkk fo|ky; esa izcaèkd osQ fy, vokafNr i;kZoj.k l`ftr gks tkrk gSA
(2) uhfrxr fu.kZ;μbu fu.kZ;ksa dks ysus dh fLFkfr rc iSnk gksrh gS tc izcaèkd (iz'kkld) dks ,d uohu
ifjfLFkfr esa fu.kZ; ysuk gksrk gS vkSj ftlosQ lacaèk esa Li"V iz'kklfud funsZ'k ;k ijEijkvksa dk vHkko gksrk gSA
ftu laxBuksa dh uhfr;k¡ Li"V fyf[kr :i esa miyCèk gksrh gSa ogk¡ fu.kZ; ysus esa vfèkd dfBukbZ ugha gksrhA
blosQ foijhr ftu laxBuksa dh fofoèk leL;kvksa osQ lacaèk esa Li"V uhfr ugha gksrh] ogk¡ fu.kZ; ysus esa izcaèkd
(iz'kkld) dks vusd dfBukb;k¡ vkrh gSa] Hkys gh laxBu fdruk Hkh NksVk D;ksa u gksA
izR;sd jkT; osQ f'k{kk foHkkx us blh dfBukbZ dks nwj djus osQ fy, f'k{kk lafgrk,¡ (education codes) izdkf'kr
dh gSaA le;≤ ij uhfr lacaèkh fofoèk fu.kZ; izdkf'kr fd, tkrs gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZμjktLFkku esa f'kfojk if=kdk
f'k{kk foHkkx }kjk izdkf'kr dh tkrh gSA blh if=kdk osQ ekè;e ls foHkkx le;≤ ij mBus okyh izcaèku
lacaèkh leL;kvksa osQ lacaèk esa viuh uhfr;k¡ izlkfjr djrk jgrk gS] rkfd izR;sd fo|ky; muosQ vkèkkj ij uhfr
lacaèkh fu.kZ; ys losQA bl rjg uhfr lEcUèkh vfèkdka'k eq[; fu.kZ; foHkkx gh ysrk gSA fiQj Hkh oqQN ,slh
leL;k,¡ vk ldrh gSa] ftudk lekèkku bu vkns'kksa esa ugha feyrkA ,slh fLFkfr esa izèkkukè;kid dks vius
lg;ksfx;kas ls feydj fu.kZ; ysuk iM+rk gSA
fo|ky;h Lrj ij fo|ky; foLrkj osQ fy, uohu Hkouksa dk fuekZ.k] fo|kFkhZ LVªkbd ls mRiUu leL;k] f'k{kd
dh vuq'kklughurk ,oa Nk=k vuq'kklughurk vkfn ,sls fo"k; gks ldrs gSa] tc izcaèkd@iz'kkld bl izdkj osQ
fu.kZ; ysus esa dfBukbZ dk vuqHko djsA bl fLFkfr esa vko';d gksrk gS fd izèkkukè;kid] LVkiQ ;k LVkiQ osQ
ofj"B lkfFk;ksa vFkok izHkkjh o LVkiQ osQ ,d nks vU; lg;ksfx;ksa osQ lkFk lEcfUèkr i{k osQ lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ
dj fu.kZ; ysA bu fu.kZ;ksa esa ;g è;ku j[kuk vko';d gS fd uhfrxr fu.kZ;] l{ke vfèkdkjh }kjk gh fy,
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 133
