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Educational Measurement and Evaluation Dinesh Kumar, Lovely Professional University

Notes Unit 12 : Conversion of Raw Scores into Standard

Scores, T-scores, C-scores, Z-scores, Stanine Scores,
Percentiles

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction

12.1 Meaning of Raw Scores
12.2 Standard Scores
12.3 Z-Scores
12.4 T-Scores (Transformed Scores)
12.5 C-Scores
12.6 Stanine Scores
12.7 Percentile Scores
12.8 Summary
12.9 Keywords
12.10 Review Questions
12.11 Further Readings

Objectives

The objectives of this unit can be summarized as below :
• To explain the Meaning of Raw Score
• To discuss about Standard Score
• To describe about Z-Score
• To explain about T-Score
• To discuss about C-Score
• To describe about Stanine Score
• To discuss about Percentile Score

Introduction

By score is meant quantitative measure of a quality of an object or person. We know that the
physical qualities of a person can be measured in standard units; for example, the weight of a
person in kg, and his height in cm; so the scores obtained in these units can be easily compared.
For example, if the weight of Ram is 60 kg and that of Shyam is 30 kg then it can be said that the
weight of Ram is double than that of Shyam. On the contrary.
In absence of a standard unit of these measures, they cannot be analysed and compared. For
example, if Ram gets 60 marks in a mathematics test and Shyain 30; then it cannot be said that
Ram’s ability in mathematics is double than that of Shyam. It can be more or less than double. It

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