Page 267 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—19% Nk=kksa osQ fy, i`"Biks"k.k dh fofèk;k¡

1- lHkh Nk=kksa dks cksyus dk volj fn;k tkuk pkfg,A de cksyus okys Nk=kksa dks izsfjr djuk pkfg,A blosQ uksV
fy;s vad Hkh fuèkkZfjr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
2- mUgha vkykspukvksa dks volj fn;k tk;s] rks jpukRed rFkk lkFkZd gksaA
(7) Lo%vfèkxe ;k vè;;u (Self-learning or Study)

d{kk f'k{k.k esa f'k{kd lHkh Nk=kksa dh vko';drkvksa osQ vuq:i izLrqrhdj.k ugha dj ikrk gSA lkekU; Nk=kksa dks
è;ku esa j[kdj ikB~;oLrq dk izLrqrhdj.k djrk gS vkSj visf{kr n`';&JO; lgk;d lkexzh dk mi;ksx djrk gSA
lkekU; d{kk f'k{k.k esa nks izdkj dh leL;k;sa jgrh gSaμ
1- Nk=kksa dks ikB~;oLrq osQ oqQN fcUnqvksa dks le>us dh dfBukbZ jgrh gSA
2- vfèkdka'k Nk=kksa dks ikB~;oLrq dks cksèkxE; djus gsrq ifjikd (Assimilation) dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
ikB~;oLrq dh xgurk osQ fy, O;fDrxr vè;;u dh vko';drk gksrh gSA

(1) lkekU; d{kk f'k{k.k dh bu leL;kvksa osQ fy, vusd izdkj dh izfofèk;ksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA izFke
izdkj dh leL;k ftlesa Nk=kksa dh ikB~;oLrq lEcUèkh dfBukb;k¡ jgrh gSa] muosQ fy, lqèkkjkRed f'k{k.k
(Remedial teaching) rFkk vuqns'ku vkO;wgksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA blesa vuqoxZ f'k{k.k (Tutorial
teaching)] 'kk[kh; vuqns'ku (Branching programming) rFkk lgikBh vuqoxZ vfèkxe (Peer’s
Tutorial Learning) dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bu izfofèk;ksa osQ mi;ksx ls Nk=kksa dh leL;kvksa dk
lekèkku fd;k tkrk gSA f'k{kdksa }kjk Nk=kksa dks ikB~;oLrq dk ljy :i esa Li"Vhdj.k fd;k tkrk gSA

(2) d{kk f'k{k.k esa ikB~;oLrq dk ifjikd (Assimilation) ugha gks ikrk gS] D;ksafd ifjikd esa Nk=kksa dks
vf/d fØ;k'khy gksuk iM+rk gS vkSj ikB~;oLrq dks izR;sd Nk=k vius <ax ls ifjikd djrk gSA d{kk esa
izLrqrhdj.k ,d gh <ax ls fd;k tkrk gSA cksèk Lrj osQ fy, ifjikd dh vfèkd vko';drk gksrh gSA
blfy, Nk=kksa dks Lo%vè;;u dk volj fn;k tkrk gSA blosQ fy, vusd izfofèk;ksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk
gS_ tSlsμvfHkØfer vuqns'ku] dEI;wVj lgk;d vuqns'ku rFkk lgdkjh lkewfgd vfèkxe (Co-operative
group learning)A ;gk¡ ij nks izfofèk;ksa dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gSμ

(v) lgikBh vuqoxZ vfèkxe (Peers Tutorial Learning) rFkk
(c) lgdkjh lkewfgd vf/xe (Co-operative Group Learning)A
(v) lgikBh vuqoxZ vfèkxe (Peers Tutorial Learning)

Nk=kksa dh ikB~;oLrq lEcUèkh dfBukb;ksa osQ lqèkkj gsrq vuqoxZ iz.kkyh dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bldk mi;ksx nks
:iksa esa fd;k tkrk gSμvuqoxZ f'k{k.k rFkk vuqoxZ vfèkxeA f'k{kd dfBukb;ksa osQ vkèkkj ij Nk=kksa dks NksVs&NksVs
oxks± esa foHkkftr dj fy;k tkrk gS vkSj f'k{kd }kjk gh Nk=kksa dh dfBukb;ksa dk lekèkku fd;k tkrk gSA
lgikBh&vuqoxZ vfèkxe esa Nk=k lewg esa cSBdj viuh&viuh dfBukb;ksa dks j[krs gSaA bu dfBukb;ksa osQ fy,]
miyCèk ikB~;&lkexzh dk mi;ksx djosQ le>us dk iz;kl djrs gSaA tks Nk=k ikB~;oLrq dks cksèkxE; dj ysrk gS]
og vius lgikfB;ksa dks Hkh le>krk gSA

lgikBh vuqoxZ vfèkxe osQ fu;eμblosQ izeq[k fu;e bl izdkj gSaμ
1- blesa Nk=kksa dks Lo%vè;;u dk volj fn;k tkrk gSA
2- Nk=kksa dks lkewfgd :i esa vfèkxe dk volj feyrk gSA
3- Nk=kksa dks ikB~;oLrq dh vfHkO;fDr dk volj feyrk gSA

4- Nk=k mipkjkRed vfèkxe izfØ;k dks viukrs gSaA
5- Nk=kksa dks LokHkkfod :i esa dfBukb;ksa dk lekèkku izkIr gksrk gSA

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