Page 136 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_PUNJABI

ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ikDekoh
ikDekoh
ikDekoh (( (( (Introduction)) )) )
ikDekoh
È؇ ikDekoh
fJ~e N?;N dk gqpzX eoD s'A pknd ns/ fJ; dk nzeD eoD s'A pknd, nfXeso nfXnkge ftfdnkoEhnK Bkb
T[ZsoK pko/ uouk eoDr/. uouk nkw s"o s/ ;jh T[ZsoK pko/ ns/ ftfdnkoEhnK d[nkok ehshnK rJhnK rbshnK
pko/ j't/rh. e[M nfXnkge PkfJd nfij/ gqPBK T[Zs/ th fXnkB d/Dr/ fijV/ nfXeso ftfdnkoEhnK B/ rbs
j~b ehs/ iK fijV/ ftfdnkoEhnK B/ pj[s uzrh soK j~b ehs/. gqzs{, fJ~e N?;N pko/ j'o th pj[s ikDekoh j[zdh
j? i' nfXnkge nkw s"o s/ BIonzdkI eo fdzd/ jB. fJj ikDekoh sK jh T[gbpX j't/rh i/eo wd ftPb/PD
ehsk ikt/. wd ftPb/PD eh j?< wd ftPb/PD fJ~e gqfeqnk j? fijVh ftneshrs N?;N wdK dhnK gqshfeqnktK
iK gqPBK dh UBK wdK dh r[Dt~sk gsk eoD bJh ns/ g{o/ N?;N dh r[Dt~sk gsk eoD bJh iKu eodh j?.
wd ftPb/PD UBK wdK iK gqPBK dh r[Dt~sk Bz{ ;[XkoD bJh wj~stg{oD j[zdk j?, fijV/ j'o N?;NK ft~u d[pkok
tos/ ikDr/, gqzs{ fJ~e fJ~eb/ N?;N gqPk;B ft~u fJj n;gPN iK Gqkwe wdK Bz{ d{o eoD bJh th j' ;ed/ jB.
ftP/P s"o s/, wd ftPb/PD efmBsk ;{ueKe, G/dGkt ;{ueKe ns/ ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk gsk eoD dh gqfeqnk
j? . [n;hA wd ftPb/PD d/ jo xNe dh uouk pknd ft~u eoKr/ ].
fJ~e N?;N dh r[Dt~sk fJ; ft~u d/ jo fJ~e gqPB iK wd dh r[Dt~sk d[nkok fBoXkfos j[zdh j?. fijVk
nfXnkge N?;N pDkUAdk j?, Uj N?;N dh r[Dt~sk dk e/tb nzdkIk brk ;edk j?. fJj nzdkIk fJ; s~E
s/ nkXkfos j[zdk j? fe nfXnkge B/ N?;N fBowkD d/ ;ko/ fB:wK ns/ PosK dk gkbD ehsk j?. gqzs{, fJj
;zGt j? fe fJj nzdkIk ;jh BjhA Bk j't/ ns/ e[M gfjb{nK Bz{ BIonzdkI ehsk frnk j't/. fJ; bJh, fJj
;[Mkn fd~sk iKdk j?, fe N?;N dh j'o ftnkge ;wM bJh, ftfdnkoEhnK dhnK gqshfenktK T[Zs/ wd ftPb/
PD ehsk ikt/. wd ftPb/PD fJ~e N?;N ft~u gqPBK iK wdK pko/ ikDekoh b?D bJh ns/ fJ~e N?;N ft~u
fe; soK ;[Xko ehsk ik ;edk j?, d/ frnkB bJh ehsk iKdk j?. fJj fJ~e wd iK gqPB p?Ae d/ ftek;
Bz{ th ;[ftXkiDe pDkUAdh j? fijV/ fe fJ~e N?;N d/ fBowkD ft~u tos/ ikDr/. (nBk;sk;h, 2001).

10H1 wd ftPb/PD dk noE
10H1 wd ftPb/PD dk noE
10H1 wd ftPb/PD dk noE
10H1 wd ftPb/PD dk noE
10H1 wd ftPb/PD dk noE (Meaning of Item Analysis)
fJ~e N?;N dh ;cbsk d' ekoeK T[Zs/ fBoGo eodh j?. gfjbk, fJ~e N?;N ;kv/ fd~s/ T[d/PK Bz{ fezBh
;cbskg{ote wkgdk j? ns/ d{ik, eh N?;N ft~u jo wd p[~XhwkB ns/ BkbkfJe ftfdnkoEh ft~u nzso eo
;edh j? iK BjhA. i/eo fJ~e N?;N fd~s/ j'J/ T[d/PK Bz{ noEg{oD sohe/ Bkb wkgD d/ :'r BjhA j? ns/
ftfdnkoEhnK ft~u G/d eoD :'r BjhA j? sK fJ; Bz{ fJ~e ;cb N?;N BjhA fejk ik ;edk.
id'A fJ~e N?;N dk fBowkD ehsk iKdk j?, fJ; Bz{ fJ~fSs fttjko iK ftnefs~st dh ftP/Psk pko/ ns/
UBK Bkb ;zpzfXs ;w~f;nktK iK fpnkBK Bz{ B'N eo e/ P[o{ ehsk iKdk j?. fit/A fe fB:w j?, fJBK fpnkBK
iK N?;N wdK dh ;zfynk N?;N ft~u Io{oh ;zfynk s'A fes/ nfXe j[zdh j?. fJj fJ; bJh j[zdk j? sK fe
fijVhnK wdK nzfsw o{g bJh fcN Bk j'D, UBK Bz{ ykoi ehsk ik ;e/. fJ; bJh, fJ~e N?;N fBowksk
dk fJ~e wj~stg{oD ezw N?;N wdK dh iKu eoBk ns/ e/tb UBK wdK dk u[Bkt eoBk fijVhnK ;jh, t?X,
ftPtk;:'r j'D ns/ fijVhnK T[d/PK Bz{ g{ok eodhnK j'D. fJ; ;koh gqfeqnk Bz{ wd ftPb/PD efjzd/ jB.
cqhw?B efjzdk j? fe wd ftPb/PD d/ ;w/A d' gfjb{nK dk w[~y s"o s/
cqhw?B
cqhw?B
fi~E/ s~e wd ftPb/PD dk ;tkb j?, cqhw?Bcqhw?B
frbc'ov
fXnkB o~yDk ukjhdk j?L gfjbk, wdK dk efmBkJh ;so ns/ d{ik, N?;N wdK dk G/dGkt w[~b. frbc'ovfrbc'ov
frbc'ov
frbc'ov
d/ nB[;ko, fJ; s'A gfjbK fe N?;N dk nzfsw o{g fBofws j't/, wd ftPb/PD dh ftXh gq:'r eoBh ukjhdh
j?. g{o/ N?;N dhnK ftfGzB ftP/PsktK N?;N ft~u Pkfwb wdK T[Zs/ fBoGo j[zdhnK jB fit/A fe w~XwkB
ftubD, ;e'o ftsoD dk o{g, ftPtk;:'rsk ns/ t?Xsk.
“fJ~e wd dh r[Dt~sk iKu eoD dh gqfeqnk Bz{ wd ftPb/PD efjzd/ jB.”
“fJ~e wd dh r[Dt~sk iKu eoD dh gqfeqnk Bz{ wd ftPb/PD efjzd/ jB.”
bkwkoe
bkwkoe
bkwkoe d/ nB[;ko, “fJ~e wd dh r[Dt~sk iKu eoD dh gqfeqnk Bz{ wd ftPb/PD efjzd/ jB.”“fJ~e wd dh r[Dt~sk iKu eoD dh gqfeqnk Bz{ wd ftPb/PD efjzd/ jB.”
bkwkoe “fJ~e wd dh r[Dt~sk iKu eoD dh gqfeqnk Bz{ wd ftPb/PD efjzd/ jB.”
bkwkoe
10H2 wd ftPb/PD dh Io{os
10H2 wd ftPb/PD dh Io{os
10H2 wd ftPb/PD dh Io{os
10H2 wd ftPb/PD dh Io{os
10H2 wd ftPb/PD dh Io{os (Need of Item-Analysis)
fJ~e N?;N d/ wd ftPb/PD dk w[~y T[d/P UBK wdK Bz{ u[DBk j? i' T[; iwks d/ ftfdnkoEhnK iK ftneshnK
bJh, fiBK bJh Uj N?;N pDkfJnk frnk j?, T[g:[es, ftPtk;:'r ns/ t?X j'D. fJ~e uzr/ N?;N bJh
uzrhnk N?;N wdK dh Io{os j[zdh j?. i/eo fJ~e N?;N dhnK N?;N wdK T[d/P T[Bw[y jB, ns/ ftPtk;:'r
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