Page 138 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_PUNJABI

ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
È؇ ukoN eJh gzeshnK ns/ ekbwK ft~u tzfvnk ikdk j? ns/ id'A fJj i'V/ iKd/ jB sK eJh ;?~b pD/ fdyd/
jB.
3H fJ; s'A pknd, jo ftfdnkoEh bJh T[Zso g[;se bJh iKdh j?, ns/ d/fynk iKdk j? fe T[; B/ fJ; Bz{
;jh j~b ehsk j? iK BjhA ns/ ;jh gqshfeqnk bJh ;jh dk fBPkB ns/ rbs gqshfeqnk bJh ekN/ dk fBPkB
brkfJnk iKdk j?. fJ; soK, ;kohnK N?;N wdK Bz{ ukoN ft~u o~fynk iKdk j?. ukoN d/ nzs ft~u, d'
gzeshnK pDkJhnK iKdhnK jB, fiBk ft~u efmBsk ;{ueKe ns/ G/dGkt ;{ueKe fbfynk iKdk j?.
4H TZ[~go s'A j/mK, ukoN d/ jo ekbw ft~u, ;jh d/ fBPkB frD/ iKd/ jB ns/ UBK Bz{ efmBsk ;{ueKe ft~u fbyD
bJh gqshPs ft~u pdfbnk iKdk j?. fJ; soK ;kohnK wdK d/ bJh efmBsk ;{ueKe dh rDBk ehsh iKdh j?.
5H G/dGkt ;{ueKe dh rDBk eoD bJh, n;hA ftPb/PD ukoN Bz{ T[Zgo s'A j/mK s~e brGr fszB GkrK ft~u
tzvd/ jK.
T[dkjoD bJh, i/eo 100 ftfdnkoEhnK Bz{ N?;N fd~sk iKdk j?, sK gfjb/ ns/ shi/ Gkr ft~u 33
ftfdnkoEh j'Dr/ ns/ d{i/ Gkr t~u 34 ftfdnkoEh j'Dr/. d{ik Gkr fJ~e ;c/d ukdo Bkb Ye fd~sk
ikt/rk ns/ pzd eo fd~sk ikt/rk. j[D, shi/ Gkr d/ UjBK ftfdnkoEhnK dh ;zfynk fiBK B/ wd Bz{ ;jh
j~b ehsk j?, Bz{ gfjb/ Gkr d/ wd Bz{ ;jh j~b eoD tkb/ ftfdnkoEhnK dh ;zfynk ft~u'A xNk fd~sk
ikt/rk. gqkgs ehs/ nzso Bz{ N/3 Bkb ftGkfis ehsk ikt/rk. fJ; gqkgs ehs/ r[DKe Bz{ G/dGkt r[DKe
fejk iKdk j?. fJ; soK, jo wd bJh G/dGkt ;{ueKe dh rDBk ehsh ikt/rh ns/ fJ; Bz{ ukoN dh
nkyoh gzesh ft~u fbfynk ikt/rk.

G/dGkt ;{ueKe dh rDBk eoD bJh ckow{bk fJ; soK j?L
−
TB
V. I. =
N/3
fi~E/ T = T[Zu ;w{j

B = j/mbk ;w{j
N = Bw{Bk nkeko
6H j[D ukoN ft~u jo wd dk nfXn?B ehsk iKdk j? fe fJ; dk efmBsk ;{ueKe N?;N d/ T[d/P d/ nB[;ko
20^80 iK 10^50 ftueko j? iK BjhA ns/ fJ; dk G/dGkt ;{ueKe 0H3 s'A T[Zgo j? iK BjhA. fijVhnK
wdK fJBK d' wkBdzvK ft~u ;cb j' iKdhnK jB, Uj u[D bJhnK iKdhnK jB. fizBhnK N?;N bJh Io{oh
jB, UBhnK jh u[DhnK ns/ fbyhnK iKdhnK jB. fJ; soK, N?;N dk nzfsw o{g fsnko ehsk iKdk j?,
fi; Bz{ wkDehfeqs pDkUD bJh fJ; dh ftPtk;:'rsk, t?Xsk ns/ wkBdzvK dh iKu ehsh iKdh j?.
e[M ftdtkB T[go'es dh soK N?;N dk fJ~e fsjkJh BjhA b?Ad/, pbfe Uj Bw{B/ d/ T[Zgo d/ 27# ns/ j/
mK d/ 27# b?Ad/ jB. fJ; dh ;koDh pDkJh iKdh j? fijVh T[go'es Io{osK dk uzrh soK toDB eodh
e?b?
j?. e?b?e?b?
e?b? d/ nB[;ko, T[Zgo^j/mK d/ 27# dk ckow{bk t?X ns/ ;Nhe ;wfMnk iKdk j?, feUAfe fJ; d/
e?b?
nkXko s/ fJj fBPfus s"o s/ fejk ik ;edk j? fe eh T[Zgo dk ;w{j tXhnk j? ns/ j/mK dk ;w{j xNhnk
j? iK BjhA. i/eo fJ~e S'Nk T[Zgo j/mK dk ;w{j fbnk iKdk j?, sK fJj ;w{j e[M th fBPfus eoD bJh
pj[s S'N/ jB. fco th, fJ; wkwb/ ft~u e'Jh th g~ek fB:w BjhA j?. fizB/ nfXe ftfdnkoEhnK dh
T[Zgo j/mK d/ ;w{jK ft~u ;zfynk j't/rh, UBK jh nfXe G/dGkt ;{ueKe j't/rk.

wd ftPb/PD bJh pkjoh wkBdzvL
wd ftPb/PD bJh pkjoh wkBdzvL T[go'es uouk ft~u, jo wd bJh t?Xsk dk nkXko nzdo{Bh ;h,
wd ftPb/PD bJh pkjoh wkBdzvL
wd ftPb/PD bJh pkjoh wkBdzvL
wd ftPb/PD bJh pkjoh wkBdzvL
noEks, fJ; Bz{ g{o/ N?;N d/ wkBdzv wkg d/ o{g ft~u ;theko ehsk frnk ;h, ns/ fJ; d/ ;fj;zpzX dh
rDBk g{o/ N?;N d/ nkXko s/ ehsh rJh ;h. fJ; soK dh wkBsk ns/ soe soe;zrs j?. fJ; nkXko s/,
n;hA efj ;ed/ jK fe, jo wd T[; ftP/Psk dk w[~bKeD eodh j?, fi; dk w[~bKeD g{o/ N?;N d[nkok ehsk
iKdk j?, gqzs{ n;hA fJj BjhA efj ;ed/ fe fJj T[; ftP/Psk dk fe~E'A s~e w[~bKeD eodh j?. nkw s"o s/, fJj
fBPfus eoD bJh fe N?;N dh jo wd T[; ftP/Psk dk w[~bKeD eo ojh j? iK BjhA fi; bJh fJ; Bz{
N?;N ft~u Pkfwb ehsk frnk j?, n;hA pkjoh wkBdzv b?Ad/ jK ns/ fJ; soK jo wd dh t?Xsk dh iKu

132 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY