Page 106 - DEDU505_TEACHER_EDUCATION_HINDI

vè;kid f'k{kk

uksV LekVZ LowQy (LiwQrZ fo|ky;) ;kstuk dk ewrZ :i nsus gsrq Hkh ljkguh; iz;kl ifj"kn~ osQ }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA
ifj"kn~ dh izeq[k if=kdk rFkk 'kksèk if=kdk, gSaμbf.M;u ,twosQ'kuy fjO;w- Hkkjrh; vkèkqfud f'k{kk] LowQy
lkbUl] izkbejh Vhpj] izkbejh f'k{kd] tuZy vkWiQ bf.M;u ,twosQ'kuy vkfnA jk"Vªh; izfrHkk [kkst ijh{k.k
dk vk;kstu ifj"kn~ osQ }kjk jk"Vªh; Lrj ij fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa liQy gksus okys izfrHkkou Nk=k@Nk=kkvksa
dks foKku] xf.kr] lkekftd foKku ;k vfHk;kaf=kdh ,oa fpfdRlk foKku esa ih- ,p- Mh- Lrj rd vè;;u
gsrq yxkrkj Nk=ko`fÙk;k¡ nh tkrh gSaA ifj"kn~ us f'k{kk dh 10$2$3 iz.kkyh osQ fØ;kUo;u dh fn'kk esa Bksl
dk;Z fd;k gSA oxZ 1 ls 12 rd rdjhcu leLr fo"k;ksa gsrq ikB~;Øe fuekZ.k dk dke Hkh ifj"kn~ osQ ekè;e
ls fd;k tkrk gSA
;w- ,u- ,iQ- ,- osQ lg;ksx ls tula[;k f'k{kk ifj;kstuk] ;wuhlsiQ dh izkbejh f'k{kk] iks"k.k] LokLF; f'k{kk]
izkbejh ikB~;Øe uohuhdj.k] lkeqnkf;d f'k{kk vkSj cPpksa osQ fy, ehfM;k iz;ksx'kkyk rFkk ckY;koLFkk dh f'k{kk
tSlh ifj;kstukvksa dks fØ;kfUor djus dh fn'kk esa ifj"kn~ us lkFkZd iz;Ru fd;k gSA
f'k{kk ij uohu jk"Vªh; uhfr osQ 1986 esa fuekZ.k osQ ckn ifj"kn~ osQ }kjk ^fo|ky;h f'k{kk gsrq jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ
dh :ijs[kk* uked ,d iqfLrdk gky gh esa (2005) rS;kj dh xbZ] ftlesa 1988 osQ nLrkost dk vkèkqfudhdj.k
fd;k x;kA bl iqfLrdk esa lUnHkZ vkSj ljksdkj] izkjfEHkd vkSj ekè;fed Lrj ij ikB~;p;kZ la;kstu] mPp
ekè;fed Lrj ij ikB~;p;kZ la;kstu] ewY;kadu vkSj O;oLFkk dk izcUèku ljh[ks ewyHkwr {ks=kksa ij fo'ks"k :ijs[kk
dk fuekZ.k ,oa izLrko fd;k x;k gSA

bl rjg ge dg ldrs gSa fd jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqlUèkku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~ ,d ,slk vfHkdj.k gS tks
vè;kid f'k{k.k osQ {ks=k esa lkekU; vkSj fo|ky;h; f'k{kk osQ {ks=k esa fo'ks"k :i ls dk;Z dj jgh gS vkSj f'k{kk
esa LrjksUu;u osQ fy, dfVc¼ izrhr gksrh gSA

,u lh- bZ vkj- Vh- osQ vkèkkj ij f'k{kk osQ mís';ksa dks iwjk djus osQ fy, jkT;&Lrj ij dkSu&lh
bdkb;k¡ dk;Zjr~ gSA oqQN bdkb;ksa ,oa lacafèkr jkT;ksa osQ uke fyf[k,A

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

lgh fodYi pqfu,μ (Choose the correct options)—
1- jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqlaèkku ,oa izf'k{k.k ifj"kn dh LFkkiuk dk le; gSμ
(d) 15 vxLr 1880 ([k) 1 ¯lrEcj 1966

(x) 14 uoacj 1952
2- N.C.E.R.T dk eq[;ky; fLFkr gSμ
(d) psUubZ ([k) eqacbZ
(x) fnYyh
3- ,u- lh- bZ- vkj Vh- ,d 'kk[kk fLFkr gSμ
(d) eSlwj esa ([k) okjk.klh esa

(x) oèkkZ esa
4- ,u lh- bZ- vkj- Vh eq[;ky; esa dk;Zjr~ 12 lnL;h; bdkbZ dk vè;{k gksrk gSA
(d) eq[;ea=kh ([k) jk"Vªifr }kjk fuokZfpr lnL;
(x) f'k{kk

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