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Special Education

Notes The speech and hearing problems of deaf children needing special care varies according to category
of hearing impairments.
Problems of Hearing Impaired Children
Level Speech and Hearing Problems Special Needs
1. Hearing thresholds Speech is normal. Follows normal Needs no special attention.
with in 25 dB with pattern of development with good
normal Hearing. auditory perceptive skills.
2. Hearing threshold 26 Exhibits difficulty in hearing faint Will benefit from special
to 40 dB. Mild speech, speech at distance of speech seating in the class. Hearing
hearing loss. with background noise. Speech and aid is beneficial. Parents and
language developments are within teachers should be educated
normal limits. May exhibit occasional on the Child's problems in
auditory perecption problems some understanding due to
educational retardation likely. hearing loss.

3. 41 to 55 dB moderate Language development and speech They should well to hearing
hearing-loss are mildly affected. Difficulty with aids and amplification, early
rarely used words, minor differences speech and language training
in meaning of words and idioms, and parent counselling
defective articulation but still indicated speech and language
intelligible speech loss quality and development to be monitored.
inflection almost normal. Reading and Special seating, supportive
writting are delayed. teaching will....
Self Assessment
1. Fill in the blanks:
(i) There are two different kinds of tactual perception ....................... and ..................... .
(ii) .......................... may be due to accommodation or convergence problems.
(iii) In ................. the individual faces focusing problems. Hence there is blurred or distorted vision.
(iv) .................................. of parents can prevent the hearing impairment.
(v) Abnormalities in the inner ear or auditory nerve results in loss of hearing which is rarely
amenable to ................ .

5.3 Speech Impairment

The type of cognitive impairment can widely, from severe retardation to inability to remember, to
the absence or impairment of specific cognitive functions (most particularly, language). Therefore,
the type of functional limitations which can result also vary widely.
Cognitive impairments are varied, but may be categorized as memory, perception, problem-solving,
and conceptualizing disabilities. Memory problems include difficulty getting information from short-
term storage, long term and remote memory. This includes difficulty recognizing and retrieving
information. Perception problems include difficulty taking in, attending to, and discriminating sensory
information. Difficulties in problem solving include recognizing the problem identifying, choosing
and implementing solutions, and evaluation of outcome. Conceptual difficulties can include problems
in sequencing, generalizing previously.
5.3.1 Identification
Identification of Speech Impairment: Various techniques are used but one such technique is to
know the behavioural clues to detect speech defects.
1. Faulty articulation or pronunciation-substitution (Cree for tree) omission (ate for gate); distortions
(ship for sip).

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