Page 111 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—12% ok.kh ,oa Jo.k ckfèkr&f'k{k.k% vkO;wg ,oa fuokj.k

cuk;k x;k gSA blesa VsyhiQksu ij okrkZ Vkbi gksdj LØhu esa ns[kh tkrh gSA blesa cfèkj ckyd VsyhiQksu ij okrkZ uksV
dj ldrs gSaA blh izdkj osQ vU; ;U=k Hkh fo|ky;ksa esa miyCèk djk;s tk losaQ rks os Jo.k ckfèkr ckydksa osQ fy,
vR;Ur ykHkizn gksaxsA (2) ohfM;ks VsIl dk iz;ksx ykHkdkjh fl¼ gksxkA (3) fiQYe dk iz;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
(4) vuq'kh"kZd (Captioned) dk;ZØe tks VsyhiQksu ij fn[kk;s tkrs gSa os vfèkd vkSj izHkko'kkyh gksus pkfg,A
(5) d{kk&d{k esa leqg Jo.k lgk;d (Group Hearing Aids) mu lHkh ckydksa dks iznku fd;s tkus pkfg,
tks fdlh Hkh izdkj dh Jo.k ckfèkrk ls ihfM+r gSaA bu lc lgk;dksa dk ,d gh izoèkZd gksrk gSA (6) Jo.k lgk;d
cUnh (Hearning Aids Vests) rFkk èofu dku (phonicear) dk iz;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A (7) Vsi fjdkMZj esa
vè;kid dk O;k[;ku Vsi djosQ Jo.k ckfèkr ckydksa dks fn;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd le; feyus ij lqfoèkkuqlkj
os viuh xfr osQ vuqlkj ikB le> losaQA (8) vè;kid }kjk ;fn vksojgsM ;kstuk (Overhead projector) dk
iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rks ;g vR;Ur vPNk gksxkA (9) Jo.k ckfèkr ckydksa dks vtk,c?kj] ,sfrgkfld bekjrsa]
izfl¼ LFkku] fey vkfn lwpukizn LFkkuksa ij ?kqekus vo'; ys tkuk pkfg, vkSj izR;sd ckyd dk è;ku fo'ks"k
oLrqvksa dh vksj vkd£"kr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 'kSf{kd i;ZVu dh O;oLFkk dh tk,A

4- i`Fkd d{kk,¡ (Segregated Classes)
oqQN Jo.k ckfèkr ckyd ,sls gksrs gS tks Jo.k fodykaxrk ls ihfM+r tUe osQ oqQN o"kksZ ckn gksrs gSa rFkk tks
Hkk"kk Kku izkIr dj pqosQ gksrs gSaA ,sls ckydksa dks f'kf{kr djuk vis{kkÑr ljy gSA lkFk gh ,sls ckydksa dks
Hkh f'kf{kr djuk ljy gS tks ckfèkj vFkok xEHkhj :i esa ckfèkrk ls ihfM+r gSaA de xEHkhj :i ls ihfM+r ckyd
viuh f'k{kk dks lkekU; d{kk esa izkIr dj ldrs gSa c'krsZ mUgsa oqQN fo'ks"k lqfoèkk,¡ ;Fkk uksV ysus okys lgk;d]
èofu izo/Zd ;U=k] izf'kf{kr vè;kid vkfn iznku fd, tk,¡A bu ckydksa dh vfèkxe dfe;ksa dks i`Fkd d{kk,¡
vk;ksftr djosQ nwj fd;k tk ldrk gSA bu i`Fkd d{kkvksa esa izf'kf{kr vè;kid vU; vè;kidksa osQ lg;ksx
ls viuk dk;Z djrs gSaA
5- i`Fkd fo|ky; (Segregated School)
tks ckyd tUe ls Jo.k ckfèkr gS vFkok cfèkj gS] mUgsa lkekU; ckydksa osQ lkFk cSBkdj f'k{kk ugha nh tk ldrh
gSA vr% muosQ fy, i`Fkd fo|ky; cuk;s tkus pkfg, tgk¡ cfèkjksa dks f'kf{kr djus lacUèkh lHkh midj.k] lkexzh
lqfoèkk vkSj izf'kf{kr vè;kidksa dh O;oLFkk gksA
6- f'k'kq dk;ZØe (Infant Programme)

,d Jo.k ckfèkr ckyd dh f'k{kk rc vkjEHk gksrh gS tc og LowQy esa izos'k ysus vkrk gSA okLro esa] mldh
f'k{kk rc ls vkjEHk gksuh pkfg, tc ls og bl deh ls ihfM+r gqvk gSA vr% fo|ky;ksa osQ dÙkZO; {ks=k osQ vUrxZr
;g Hkh vkrk gS fd og f'k'kqvksa osQ fy, dk;ZØe cuk;s rkfd fo|ky; esa izos'k osQ le; ,dk,d leL;k mRiÂ
u gksA

7- izxfrØe (Progression)
Jo.k ckfèkr ckyd dh f'k{kk dk eq[; mís'; mls lkekU; f'k{kk dh èkkjk esa ykuk gSA ;fn og ,d i`Fkd fo|ky;
esa vFkok i`Fkd d{kk esa i<+rk gS rks mldh 'kSf{kd izxfr bl ij fuHkZj djrh gS fd og dc rd bl ;ksX; gks
tkrk gS fd lkekU; d{kk esa cSBdj ykHkkfUor gks losQA ;g laHkkouk gS fd cfèkj vkSj xgu :i ls ihfM+r ckyd
iw.kZ :i ls lkekU; d{kk esa ugh cSB ldrkA lkFk gh ;g Hkh vko';d gS fd mls lkekU; d{kkvksa vkSj lkekU;
ckyd ls vUr%fØ;k dk vuqHko feysA vr% oqQN fo"k;ksa ftUgsa og lkekU; ckydksa osQ lkFk i<+ ldrk gS] ;Fkkµ
dyk] 'kkjhfjd izf'k{k.k esa mls lkekU; d{kk esa cSBk;k tk, ftlls og eq[; èkkjk esa vk losQA
8- 'kSf{kd vkSj O;olkf;d funsZ'ku (Educational and Vocational Guidance)
Jo.k ckfèkr ckydksa dh vfHk#fp] vfHk;ksX;rk dks è;ku esa j[kdj mUgsa 'kSf{kd funsZ'ku fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ,sls
ckydksa osQ O;olk; dh ;kstuk iwoZ esa cukuk vfuok;Z gSA bUgsa ,sls O;olk;ksa dh vko';drk gS ftuesa de ls de

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