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bdkbZ—13% ekufld eafnr% ifjHkk"kk] izdkj ,oa fo'ks"krk,¡
• ^ekufld efUnr* osQ vUrxZr ,d izdkj osQ fuEu cqf¼ Lrj dk cksèk gksrk gS] fdUrq blosQ }kjk bUgsa fo'kq¼ uksV
dguk lEHko ugha gS fd ^âkl* dh ek=kk fdruh gS ;k O;fDr vius lkekftd ,oa O;fDrxr fuiq.krk dh
n`f"V ls fdruh lkeF;Z j[krk gSA
• vfèkxe] O;ogkj] laosxksa] lkekftd lek;kstu rFkk 'kkjhfjd fodkl osQ {ks=kksa esa fd, x, vè;;uksa }kjk bl
ckr dh iqf"V ugha gks ldrh gS fd ,d fo'ks"k oxZ osQ :i esa efUnr ckydksa esa vU; ckydksa dh vis{kk fdlh
izdkj dh fo'ks"krk gksrh gSA
• efUnr oxZ osQ ckydksa esa vfèkxe lEcUèkh dfBukb;ksa osQ vfrfjDr lkekU; rkSj ij 'kkjhfjd ,oa LokLF;
lEcUèkh leL;k,¡] vlarks"ktud Hkk"kk osQ fodkl] mnklhurk ;k cksèk dh deh osQ dkj.k U;wu vfHkizsj.k Lrj
lkekftd lek;kstu ;k lqj{kk osQ vHkko osQ dkj.k O;ogkj lEcUèkh leL;k,¡] fucZy vkRe laizR;; rFkk lhfer
vuqHko dh {kerk,¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA
13-5 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
1- ¯ddrZO;foew<+µHkkSapDdk] tks ;g u le> losQ fd vc D;k djuk pkfg,A
2- cgqèkkµvdlj] izk;%A
13-6 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)
1- ekufld eafnr fdls dgrs gSa\ ifjHkk"kk nsdj le>kb,\
2- ekufld eafnr fdrus izdkj osQ gksrs gSa\
3- ekufld eafnr dh fo'ks"krk,¡ crkb,A
mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer: Self Assessment)
1. 1921 rd 2. vesfjdu ,lksfl,'ku vkWI+kQ esfMdy MsfI+kQf'k,alh
3. 67 4. 50 ls 75 4. iwoZ izFkfed LrjA
13-7 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)
1- 'kkjhfjd :i ls fodykax ckydµ ;ksxsUnz oqQekj 'kekZ] dfu"d ifCy'klZ] ubZ fnYyhA
2- fof'k‘ ckydµ vo/kj.kk] fodkl ,oa f'k{kk] osQ- osQ- ifCyosQ'kal] ubZ fnYyhA
3- fof'k‘ ckyd% f'k{kk ,oa iquokZlµ egs'k HkkxZo] ,p- ih- HkkxZo cqd gkml] vkxjkA
4- fof'k‘ ckydµ vkHkkjkuh fc‘] vxzoky izdk'ku] vkxjkA
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 119