Page 127 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—14% ekufld eafnr% igpku] dkj.k ,oa leL;k,¡

fujUrj iz;kl ,oa 'kksèk dk;Z fd;s tk jgs gSa ftlls mudh ;ksX;rkvksa dks vf/d ls vf/d le>k ,oa fodflr uksV
fd;k tk losQ vkSj lekt osQ fy, mi;ksxh cuk;k tk losQA

14-1 ekufld :i ls v{ke ckydksa dh igpku (Identification of Mentally

Retarded Children)

fuEufyf[kr fcUnqvksa osQ vk/kj ij ekufld eafnr dh igpku dh tk ldrh gSµ
(1) vè;kid 'kSf{kd fu"ifÙk osQ vkèkkj ij budh igpku dj ldrs gSaA
(2) ,sls ckyd izk;% 'kkjhfjd :i ls v;ksX; gksrs gSaA
(3) laosxkRed :i ls vfLFkj gksrs gSaA

(4) cqf¼&yfCèk }kjk Hkh igpku dh tk ldrh gSA bl izdkj ls dh x;h igpku lgh gksrh gSA
(5) 'kSf{kd rFkk 'kkjhfjd vkys[k i=k (Cu mmulative Records) Hkh lgk;d gks ldrs gSaA
(6) O;fDr&o`Ùk vè;;u (case study) Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSA
(d) 'kSf{kd y{k.k
(1) ,sls ckyd lw{e fpUru osQ ;ksX; ugha gksrs gSaA

(2) 'kSf{kd {kerk esa og vius vk;q lewg ls cgqr uhps gksrs gSaA
([k) lkekftd y{k.k
(1) lkekftd O;ogkj esa oqQ'ky ugha gksrs gSA
(2) O;fDrxr o lkekftd mÙkjnkf;Roksa dks fuokZg ugha dj ikrs gSaA
(x) O;ogkfjd y{k.k

(1) vfèkxe dh {kerk de gksrh gSA
(2) laosnukRed nks"k gksrk gSA
tc ekufld :i ls efUnr ckydksa dk irk py tkrk gS rks mUgsa ,d ;ksX; euksoSKkfud }kjk euksoSKkfud
ijh{k.k fn;k tkuk pkfg,A blls ;g irk py ldrk gS fd ckyd f'k{kk nsus ;ksX; gS vFkok ughaA og ;g
crk ldrk gS fd ckyd ekufld :i ls efUnr gS vFkok eUn vfèkxeh gSA ;g mldk mÙkjnkf;Ro gS fd og
;g crk;sa fd oSQls 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa dks cuk;k tk;s rFkk fdl izdkj ls ckydksa dh vfèkdrj lgk;rk dh tk;sA

ekufld :i ls v{ke ckydksa dh lkspus dh 'kfDr {kh.k gksus osQ dkj.k os fdlh xaHkhj fo"k; ij
lkspus osQ ;ksX; ugha gksrsA

14-2 ekufld eafnr osQ dkj.k (Causes of Mentally Retardation)

;g Li"V gS fd ^ekufld efUnr* ,d ,slk tfVy izR;; gS ftldh O;k[;k vusd dkjdksa }kjk lEHko gSA ekufld
n`f"V ls ^efUnr ckydksa* dk lewg ltkrh; u gksdj fotkrh; gksrk gSA blhfy, vyx&vyx mi&lewgksa }kjk efUnr
osQ dkj.kksa dk funku fd;k x;k gSA
VsªMxksYM us ekufld eafnr dks nks oxks± esa foHkkftr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA izFke] izlo&iwoZ dkfyd dkj.k
(Primary amentia) tks tUetkr gksrh gSA f}rh;] izloksÙkj dkfyd dkj.k (Secondary amentia) tks cká
dkjdksa ;Fkk] chekjh ;k vU; ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls mRiUu gksrh gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 121