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fof'k"V f'k{kk



                  uksV          vxj vki vius cPps dh ek¡lisf'k;ksa osQ fu;a=k.k dks ysdj fpfUrr gSa rks ladksp er dhft, vkSj tYn ls
                                tYn MkWDVj ls feydj mUgsa lkjh fLFkfr;ksa ls voxr djkb,A MkWDVj HkyhHkkafr tkurs gSa fd ekrk&firk dh
                                fpUrk,¡ fdruh egÙoiw.kZ gksrh gSaA os bl ckjs esa vkiosQ lkFk ppkZ djosQ [kq'k gksaxsA

                                cPpk viuh iwjh {kerk gkfly djs] blosQ fy, iwjs ifjokj dk joS;k vkSj izfrc¼rk egÙo j[krh gSA

                                5-2 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk osQ dkj.k  (Causes of Physically Handicapedness)

                                'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk fdlh ckyd dh ml voLFkk dks n'kkZrh gS ftlesa fdlh Hkh izdkj dh 'kkjhfjd fu;ksZX;rkvksa
                                osQ dkj.k og vkSlr ckyd dh Hkkafr LowQy osQ dk;Z&dykiksa esa fo'ks"k mUufr ugha dj ikrk gSA bl 'kkjhfjd
                                fu;ksZXrk fo'ks"k dks fu;af=kr djus osQ fy, bu ckydksa dks vfrfjDr lgk;rk (midj.k) o fof'k‘ f'k{k.k dh
                                vko';drk gksrh gSA
                                n`f‘ ckf/rk (blindness), ewd&cf/jrk (deaf and dumb) vkSj vax&Hkaxrk (crippledness) vkfn 'kkjhfjd
                                fodykaxrk dk eq[; dkj.k gksrh gSA blosQ vfrfjDr 'kkjhfjd foÑfr (physical deformity) o vLoLFkrk (ill-
                                health) osQ dkj.k mRiUu fodykaxrk Hkh blh oxZ esa vkrh gSA 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk esa ckyd dk dksbZ vax
                                ;k ra=k fo'ks"k gh izHkkfor gksrk gS vU;Fkk ckyd lkekU; gksrk gSA bl izHkkfor vax ;k ra=k fo'ks"k dks lkèkkj.k
                                midj.kksa dh lgk;rk ls oqQN lhek rd dk;Z&l{ke cuk;k tk ldrk gSA vlk/kj.k :i ls 'kkjhfjd fodykax
                                ckydksa (tSlsµus=kghu) dks fo'ks"k f'k{k.k ;k vyx O;oLFkk nsuh vko';d gksrh gSA
                                fdlh Hkh ckyd esa 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk dk D;k dkj.k gS\ bl fn'kk esa vè;;u dh :ijs[kk cukrs le; dkj.kksa
                                dks ewyr% nks va'kksa esa ckaVk tk ldrk gSµ ,d tUe osQ lkFk 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk vkSj nwljs] tUe osQ ckn
                                'kkjhfjd fodykaxrkA

                                5-2-1 tUe osQ lkFk 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk  (By Birh Handicapedness)
                                tUe osQ lkFk 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk (congenital amomalies) ;fn miyC/ vkadM+ksa osQ vk/kj ij 3» gh thfor
                                ckydksa dh la[;k crk;h x;h gS ijUrq ;s vlkekU;rk,¡ cPpksa osQ ekufld /jkry dks iwjh rjg ls u‘ vFkok
                                vO;ofLFkr dj nsrh gSaA bu vlkekU;rkvksa osQ izeq[k :i ls xq.klw=kksa dk vlkekU; la;ksx vkSj Hkwz.kkoLFkk esa
                                ek¡ osQ 'kjhj ij nokvksa] X-fdj.kksa (X-Rays) vkSj vU; thok.kqvksa tSlsµpspd rFkk orZeku esa vfr laosnu'khy
                                AIDS-Virus (HIV + Ve) 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk mRiUu djus esa lgk;d fl¼ gksrh gSaA bl rjg osQ cPpksa dks
                                VhjsVkstsUl (teratogens) dgk tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa ek¡ osQ laØfer gksus dk fo'ks"k izHkko izyf{kr gksrk gSA
                                bu laØe.kksa ls ewyr% tks 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk,¡ ns[kus dks feyrk gS os gSaµ iSjksa osQ vkdkj vfr NksVs gksuk
                                vkFkok dHkh&dHkh u gksukA bl izdkj osQ cPpksa dks iQksdksesfy;k (phocomelia) dgk tkrk gSA xHkkZèkku osQ
                                le; ek¡ dk 'kjkc ,oa vU; u'khys inkFkks± dk lsou eq[; :i ls cPpksa esa ekufld fodykaxrk] efLr"d
                                {kfrxzLrk (brain damage), vfr fØ;k'khyrk (hyperactivity) osQ lkFk 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk tSls psgjs dh
                                vlkekU; cukoV] ân; xfr esa vkekU;rk (foyLuSd] oSQlsu ,oa foyLuSd 1994_ vkos ,oa galtxZe 1979_
                                foLusLdh ,oa ywfir 1979)A





                                                 ek¡ osQ laØfer gksus ij tUe ysus okys cPps esa mldk fo'ks"k izHkko yf{kr gksrk gS
                                                 tSlsµ iSjksa dk vkdkj vfr NksVk gksuk vFkok u gksukA bl izdkj osQ cPpksa dks
                                                 ^iQksdksesfy;k* dgk tkrk gSA




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