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dFkk lkfgR; ,oa fucaèk
uksV (x) ik=kkas osQ gko&Hkkoksa vkSj var}Za} dk fp=k.kµik=kksa osQ gko&Hkkoksa dk f}osnh th us nks :iksa esa o.kZu
fd;k gSµ
(d) laoknksa osQ chp ik=kksa osQ gko&Hkkoksa dk o.kZuµokrkZyki esa f}osnh th us ek=k dFku gh ugha fn, gSa
vfirq izR;sd dFku dk nwljs ik=k ij D;k izHkko gksrk gS] vkSj dFku dgus ls iwoZ viuh ckr dk nwljs }kjk fn,
x, izR;qÙkj dh Lo;a ij D;k izfrfØ;k gksrh gS] bldk Hkh vPNk fun'kZu fd;k gSA blosQ ik=kksa dh xw<+rk vkarfjd
fLFkfr dk lE;o~Q ifjp; fey tkrk gSA egkek;k ,oa Hkfêðuh dk ;g laokn mnkgj.kFkZ izLrqr gS] ftlesa nksuksa dh
ekufld fLFkfr Hkh Li"V gSµ
egkek;k us vius yykV ij gkFk isQjrs gq, dgkµ¶eq>s vk'p;Z gksrk gS fd Hkêð fdl izdkj lEeksgu dk f'kdkj
gks x;k\ bldh oqQy&oqaQMfyuh tkxzr gS bls voèkwr xq# dk izlkn izkIr gSA ns[k fcfV;k] Hkêð dh euksxek ik¡pksa
ukfM+;k¡ vc iw.kZ LoLFk gSaA ;g ns[k] dkfYidk gS] blls ladYi gksrk gS] ;g fodfYidk gS] blls eu esa fodYi
gksrs gSa] ;g LFkhok gS] blls tM+rk vkrh gS] ;g ewPNZuk gS] blls ewPNZuk gksrh gS vkSj ;g ekU; gS] blls
euu'kfDr izkIr gksrh gSA Hkêð dh LFkhok detksj gSA vc Bhd gks tk,xhA exj vn~Hkqr 'kfDr gS fuiqf.kdk dh
ukfM+;ksa esaA ,d ckr crkš csVh] fuiqf.kdk egkek;k&Lo:i gS] mls lkekU; ukjh u le>A lEeksgu dk izfrizlo
cM+k dfBu gksrk gS] csVh! izFke ckj eSa nl iy Hkh ugha laHkky ldh FkhA miQ!** egkek;k ekuks oqQN Hkwyh gqbZ
ckr lkspus yxhA fiQj ,dk,d cksyhµ¶vkt rks eq>s tkuk gksxk csVh! v{k; r`rh;k esa rks vc vfèkd nsj ugha
gSA ;gk¡ rqEgsa dksbZ Hk; ugha gSA yksfjdnso cM+k èkk£ed lkear gSA rq>s dksbZ d"V ugha gksxkA D;k dgrh gS] tkÅ¡
u\¸
Hkfêðuh us n`<+rk osQ lkFk la{ksi esa mÙkj fn;kµ¶uk!¸
egkek;k xquxqukrh gqbZ ekuks vius&vkils gh cksyhµ¶fiQj ek;k osQ oaQpd esa dlh tk jgh gw¡A f=kiqj HkSjoh] rqEgkjh
yhyk vijaikj gSA dky] fu;fr] jkx] fo|k vkSj dyk ek;k osQ oaQpqd gSa] ij lR; gSaA bUgsa vfrØe.k dkSu dj
ldrk gS\ f=kiqj lqanjh dh yhyk gSA¸
Hkfêðuh us ¯pfrr gksdj dgkµ¶eSa ri ls fOk?u iSnk dj jgh gw¡ ekrk\**
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self-Assessment)
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
---------------
1- lqpfjrk dh vk¡[ksa vk'p;Z ls gks xb±A
---------------
2- lEeksgu dk cM+k dfBu gksrk gSA
---------------
3- fuiqf.kdk osQ u`R; ls djkyk dk [kV[kVk mBrk FkkA
([k) o.kZu&fo'ys"k.k }kjk ik=kksa osQ gko&Hkkoksa dk o.kZuµfdlh O;fDr osQ dk;Z ls nwljs O;fDr osQ eu
ij gksus okyh izfrfØ;k osQ }kjk okrkoj.k dh l`f"V djus esa f}osnh th vR;ar n{k gSaA fuEufyf[kr m¼j.k esa
ck.kHkêð djkyknsoh osQ eafnj esa paMeaMuk ,oa v?kksj?kaV osQ gkFkksa cfy gksus tk jgk gSA lkeus fuiqf.kdk] Hkfêðuh
,oa egkek;k [kM+h gSaA ml le; bu ik=kksa dh tks eu%fLFkfr Fkh] mldk ;g fo'ys"k.k nsf[k, fdruk ;FkkFkZ vkSj
ek£ed cu iM+k gSµ
¶Hkfêðuh dkrj&Hkko ls eq>s ns[k jgh FkhA eSa vo'k] O;koqQyrk ls mUgsa ns[k jgk FkkA esjh f'kjk,¡ vfèkd ugha laHky
ldhaA eq>s yxk fd dku osQ ikl ls jDr dh èkkjk iwQV iM+h gSA jDr ns[kdj v?kksj?kaV fopfyr gqvkA mlus
paMkeaMuk dks 'kh?kzrk djus dk vkns'k fn;kA mèkj Hkfêðuh ew£PNr gksdj fxj xbZA Hkfêðuh dks ew£PNr ns[kdj esjk
mf}Xu efLr"d vkSj Hkh fopfyr gqvkA fuiqf.kdk mUeÙk dh Hkk¡fr osnh dh vksj c<+hA tSls mlosQ iSjkssa esa fdlh
us vk¡èkh ck¡èk nh gksA egkek;k izLrj&izfrek dh Hkk¡fr fu'py [kM+h Fkh Hkfêðuh dh vksj mUgksaus ns[kk Hkh ughaA
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