Page 92 - DHIN501_BHASHA_VIGYAN

bdkbZ 9% :ifoKkuµ 'kCn vkSj mudh :i&jpuk

laLo`Qfr esa nso ls nSo] oqQekj ls dkSekj] Jo.k ls Jko.k] Jqfr ls JkSr] #nz ls jkSnz] iq=k ls ikS=k] n'kjFk ls nk'kjFkh] uksV
ekek ls ekeh] ukuk ls ukuh vkfnA
fgUnh esa feyk ls esy] feyk] fy[k ls ys[k] fpr~ ls psr vkfnA
O;atuksa osQ ifjorZu ls Hkh lEcU/ rÙo dk cks/ gksrk gSA tSls HkksT; ls HkksX;] Hkkst ls Hkksx] Send ls Sent, Save
ls Safe, Advice ls Advise vkfnA

ekf=kd ifjorZuµtSls tk ls x;k] ip ls vikDr ;k vkik{kh vkfnA
6- èofu f}jko`fÙk (Reduplicating)µ dHkh&dHkh èofu;ksa dh f}jko`fÙk ls lEcU/ rÙo dh O;atuk gksrh gSA
vH;kl vFkkZr vko`fÙk ls jpuk rÙo eq[kj gksrk gSA tSlsµiBµiikB] fy[kµfyfy[k] ckjckj] iqu% iqu%] izR;sd
vkfn vko`fÙk osQ mnkgj.k gSaA jks&jks] ns ns] ys ys] dg&dg] ns fnykdj] ys fyokdj vkfn esa Hkh f}jko`fÙk gSA
7- èofu fo;ksx (Subtracting)µ oqQN èofu;ksa dks fudkydj O;kdjf.kd dksfV;ksa dk fu/kZj.k gksrk gSA izQkalhlh
Hkk"kk esa èofu fo;kstu osQ mnkgj.k vf/drk ls izkIr gksrs gSaA

8- èofuxq.kµ cyk?kkr ;k lqj osQ ekè;e ls Hkh lEcU/ rÙo dk fu/kZj.k gksrk gSA lqjk?kkr osQ mnkgj.k phuh rFkk
vizQhdh Hkk"kkvksa ea cgqyrk ls feyrs gSaA tSlsµ Conduct 'kCn esa d ij cyk?kkr gksxk rks og laKk vkSj M ij
cyk?kkr gks rks fØ;k gksxkA Present esa j ij cyk?kkr gks rks laKk vkSj ^ts* ij gksus ij fØ;k gksxkA
phuh Hkk"kk esa ^c* 'kCn ij lqjk?kkr gksus ls mldk vFkZ cny tkrk gSA /hj lqjk?kkr gksus ij efgyk] mPp gksus
ls mesBuk vkSj rh{.k gksus ls jktk dk o`Qikik=k vFkZ gksrk gSA bUnz 'k=kq ij vuqfpr LFkku (vLFkkus) lqjk?kkr gksus
ls nSR;ksa dk uk'k gks x;k] tcfd os nsoksa osQ fouk'k osQ fy, ,slk dg jgs FksA
9- vFkZxr varHkqZfDr ;k lay;u (Fusion of meaning)µ oqQN ,sls in gksrs gSa] ftuesa ,dkf/d vFkZ varHkqZDr
jgrs gSaA bls lay;u Hkh dgk tkrk gSA mQ¡ ij izR;; ,d lkF mÙke iq#"k oDrk vkSj ,dopu dk |ksrd gSA Lisfu'k
Hkk"kk esa blosQ mnkgj.k feyrs gSaA

v;ksxkRed Hkk"kk ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\

vFkZ rÙo vkSj lEcU/ rÙo
vFkZ rÙo dks izo`Qfr] izkfrifnd] 'kCn rFkk vFkZ Hkh dgk tkrkg Sa lEcU/ rÙo dks foHkfDr izR;;] :i lk/d
izR;;] izdk;Zd (Functor) rFkk :iek=k dgrs gSaA vFkZ rÙo ls rkRi;Z gSA vFkZ dks O;Dr djus okys rÙo vFkkZr~
'kCn lsA ;gk¡ vFkZ ls vfHkizk; dks'kxr vFkZ (Dictionary meaning) ls gSA vFkZ rÙo dks Lora=k :fie dgrs
gSaA vFkZ rÙo ;k izo`Qfr dks /krq Hkh dgk tkrk gSµ ^uke p /krqtekgA*

lEcU/ rÙo esa lEcU/ dk vFkZ gS O;kdjf.kd izdk;Z vkSj rÙo dk vFkZ O;kdjf.kd izdk;ks± dks Li"V djus okys
:i gSaA fyax] opu] dkjd] iq#"k] dky] okP; vkfn O;kdjf.kd izdk;Z ;k dksfV;k¡ gSaA O;kdjf.kd izdk;Z dks
foHkDr djus okys] mudk vFkZ Li"V djus okys lEcU/ rÙo gSaA

1- vFkZ rÙo vkSj lEcU/ rÙo okD; jpuk Lrj ij ,d bdkbZ dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA eksgu us jke dks ihVk okD;
esa ihVk fØ;k ls jke vkSj eksgu dk lEcU/ foHkktu lEcU/ rÙo osQ vk/kj ij gksrk gSA
2- vFkZ rÙo dks'kh; bdkbZ gSA lEca/ rÙo O;kdjf.kd bdkbZ gSA

3- vFkZ rÙo vko`Qfr rFkk mPpkj.k dh n`f"V ls ,d ekufld ladYiuk dk fuekZ.k djrk gS] fdUrq lEcU/ rÙo
fdlh fcEc dk fuekZ.k ugha djrsA vFkkZr~ 'kCn Lora=k vFkZ dk |ksrd gksrk gS] tcfd lEcU/ rÙo dk dksbZ Lora=k
vFkZ ugha gksrkA

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