Page 95 - DHIN501_BHASHA_VIGYAN

Hkk"kkfoKku vkSj fganh Hkk"kk

uksV ikf.kfu us ;kLd osQ nks izeq[k Hksnksaµ uke vkSj vk[;kr dks lqoUr vkSj frÄUr uke fn;kµ^lqfIrÄUra ine~A* inksa
dk lqcUr vkSj frÄUra foHkktu ewyr% vko`Qfrewyd gSA ^/krq vkSj izkfrifnd dh lÙkk dks os vk[;kr vkSj uke
dk ewy eku ysrs gSa vkSj bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prs gSa fd ikf.kfu dks Hkh uke vkSj vk[;kr osQ :i esa in dk foHkktu
Lohdkjk FkkA ik.kfu us milxZ vkSj fuikr dks vyx ugha ekuk] D;ksafd 'kkdVk;u us igys gh O;oLFkk ns nh Fkh
fd milxZ vius vkiesa lkFkZd vkSj vFkZcks/ esa leFkZ ugha gSaµ ^u fucZ¼k milxkZ vFkkZfUujkgqfjfr 'kkdnk;u%A*
milxZ okpd ugha] |ksrd gksrs gSaA milxZ uke vkSj vk[;kr osQ lkFk la;qDr gksdj gh vFkZ |ksfrr ;k izdkf'kr
djrs gSaA blfy, ;s fucZ¼ vO;; gSaA fuikr Hkh vO;; gh gSa] fdUrq mudk iz;ksx LorU=k Hkh gks ldrk gSa tSlsµ
bo] ,o] vfi vkfnA
ikf.kfu us mu foHkfDr;ksa ;k vizR;;ksa osQ vk/kj ij inksa dks foHkDr fd;k] ftuosQ iz;ksx ls 'kCn esa iz;ksx&;ksX;rk
vkrh gSA lqi~ vkSj frÄ~ foHkfDr;ksa osQ ;ksx ls 'kCn iz;ksx&;ksX; vFkkZr~ in gks tkrs gSaA vr% mUgksaus lqcUr vkSj frÄUr
dks gh in&Hksn Lohdkj fd;kA lqi~ foHkfDr ls uke in vkSj frÄ~ ls fØ;k in dh jpuk gksrh gS] ,slk ekuk tkrk
gSA vr% ikf.kfu us vko`Qfr osQ vk/kj ij ;n osQ nks Hksn fd;sµlqcUr vkSj frÄUrA frÄUr vFkkZr~ vk[;kr
Hkko&izèkku gksrs gSa vkSj lqcUr vFkkZr~ uke lÙo&iz/kuµ^Hkkoiz/kuek[;kra lRo iz/kukfua ukekfuA*
Hkr`Zgfj us in&foHkkx djus okys vkpk;ks± osQ erksa dh vksj laosQr djrs gq, dgk gSµ^f}/koSQf'pr~ ina fHkUua prqèkkZ
iapèkk¿fiokA viks¼`R;So okD;sH;% izo`Qfr izR;;kfnor~A* vFkkZr~ inksa osQ foHksn nks ls ysdj ik¡p rd vkpk;ks± us fd, gSaA
uke esa ^loZ* yxkus ls loZkue gqvkA loZuke vFkkZr~ og uke tks lcosQ fy, iz;ksx esa vk losQA vr% loZuke Hkh
ukeor~ gh gSaA* loZuke tc Lok;Ùk gS] vFkok vo/kj.kk osQ fy, iz;qDr gksrk gSa rks mldk dk;Z laKk osQ leku
gksus ls bldh x.kuk laKkvksa dh /kjk esa gksuh pkfg,A* blh izdkj fo'ks"k.k dh Hkh vyx lÙkk ugha gksrhA bldk
mís'; laKk dh fof'k"Vrk crkuk gksrk gSA vr% laKk ls vyx mldh lÙkk vdYiuh; gSA ^fo'ks"k.k dk fo'ks"; vFkkZr~
laKk ls izk;% foHksn djuk dfBu jgrk gSA* blosQ vfrfjDr lHkh Hkk"kkvksa esa laKk osQ LFkku ij fo'ks"k.k vkSj fo'ks"k.k
osQ LFkku ij laKk dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA vr% bldk lekos'k laKk uked O;kdjf.kd /kjk esa gksuk mfpr gSA
fØ;k O;kikj&iz/ku gksrh gSA blosQ pkj foHkkx gksrs gSaµfØ;k&fo'ks"k.k] lEcU/lwpd] foLe;kfncks/d vksj vO;;A
bu lcdks ;kLd us vO;; osQ varxZr j[kk vkSj mlosQ milxZ vksj fuikr nks oxZ fu/kZfjr fd,A

bl izdkj vusd er&erkUrj osQ ckotwn ikf.kfu dk in&foHkktu loZekU; gSa uke vkSj vk[;kr lqcUr vkSj frÄUr
uke osQ nks gh in&foHkkx ekU; gq,A 'ks"k lHkh dk lekgkj buosQ vUrxZr gks tkrk gSA
vaxjsth esa vkB foHkkx ;k in&foHkkx (Parts of speech) gksrs gSaA ;g foHkktu ykfru osQ vuqlkj gh gSA v¡xjsth
osQ vkB in&foHkkx bl izdkj gSaµ laKk] loZuke] fo'ks"k.k] fØ;k] fØ;k&fo'ks"k.k] lEcU/lwpd] leqPp;cks/d]
vkSj foLe;kfncks/dA vaxjsth osQ vk/kj ij fgUnh esa Hkh vkB in&foHkkx dkerk izlkn xq# us fd;s gSaA tSlk mQij
fn[kk;k x;k gS] loZuke vkSj fo'ks"k.k dk lekgkj laKk esa gks tkrk gSa vkS 'ks"k fØ;k osQ varxZr vk tkrs gSaA
blfy, uke vkSj vk[;kr dks gh in&foHkkx Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA izkphu oS;kdj.kksa vkSj vk/qfud Hkk"kk&oSKkfudksa
us uke vkSj vk[;kr dh lÙkk O;kdjf.kd dksfV;ksa esa Lohdkj dh gSa okfUnz;St dk dFku gS fd inksa dks Nk¡Vrs pyus
dk ;g Øe ;fn vkxs c<+k;k tk; rks vUr esa osQoy nks 'kCn&Hksn jg tkrs gSaµlaKk rFkk fØ;kA

Lo&ewY;kadu
fn, x, dFku osQ lkeus lgh ( ) vFkok xyr (×) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ

1- o.kZukRed :i foKku esa fdlh ,d le; osQ :i ;k in dk vè;;u gksrk gSA
2- vFkZ osQ Lrj ij Hkk"kk dh y?kqre bdkbZ okD; gSA
3- in vkSj okD; dk Hksnd rÙo izR;; foHkfDr gSA

4- fo'ks"k.k dk mís'; laKk dh fof'k"Vrk crkuk gksrk gSA

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