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Unit-12: Theory of Marx of Social Change

The third specialty of production-process is that the evolution of new productive-forces and the notes
relations related to its production doesn’t happen after separation or omission of old arrangement,
but happens within the old arrangement. In other words, the seed of new arrangement is hidden or
inherent in old arrangement. so, social change is not a unique, but it is a natural incident; this is the
rule of nature that everything will be developed and changed from its own nature. Not only it, the
birth of new productive-forces will not consequences of deliberated and alert-actions of human, but
itself, happens in unconsciousness and independent of human will. It happens from two causes- first,
is that when new generation is born then he gets the presence of special typed productive-forces and
production-relation and for the production of its career earning or physical values he has to accept
and match with the same? second, is the reason that when human repairs any equipment with
any productive-force or invents something new then he cannot estimate the ‘social consequences’
happened from it? He can only think that because of this correction he would have less work for
his career earnings. For example, when steam or electricity operated machines used instead of hand
operated equipment’s then at the same time hardly anyone thought that the ‘social consequence’ of
this change would be that feudalistic system will be originated. Social change is a social consequence
of the similarly changed production-process.
However, it does not mean that the changes in the relations of production or conversion of old
relations of production to new relations of production are done very smoothly, without any conflict,
without any upheaval. On the contrary, such change is happened by revolution generally. By the
revolution the relations of old arrangement or production are pull thrown and instead of that the
new arrangements or production are established. For a while, the development of productive-forces
and the change in production-relations happens naturally and independently, but it occurs only if the
new and development oriented productive-force doesn’t get mature. After it’s maturity the relation
of existing production and it’s enforcement i.e., a such ‘inviolable’ barrier is made for ruling class
which can be eliminated by forcibly revolution only. We can also make it understand the same line
in other words that as the production-process is changed , consequently a new class is born. This new
class is persecuted because all the instruments of production are under the same old class. So old class
stops the development of new class and exploits by different ways. This pathetic condition of new
class or his social existence gives rise to its different typed consciousness. So Marx has written that,
“Human consciousness doesn’t decide his existence, but his social existence decides his consciousness.”
Gradually this consciousness gets solid in new class that those evils , because of which he is getting
exploited and his development is stopped, is a different part of old economical arrangement, and
until entire old arrangement and that old class, who is exploiting it continuously, is not finished then
riddance could not be gotten from those evils or exploitation. So the stress seems to flourish among
old class (in whose hand most of the production instruments are centered) and new class (who is
successively being a victim of exploitation by the old class). Gradually, the face of this conflict get clear
and new class give birth to a new social arrangement after throwing forcibly uproot of old class.

Task What is Marx’s Theory? Explain in brief.

“In social change or development, thoughts, principles, opinions and institutions are also placed.
They must be dependent upon physical life of the society, but are also very important in the case of
crimp and collection of social-forces. New thoughts and principles are generated in new physical
situations. General public comes to know about mistakes of physical life and internal conflicts. When
these thoughts become as the public fund, then those funds become invaluable for social change.
Under only this background, public can demolished of those forces which are the barrier in the
development of society.”

LoVeLY professionaL uniVersitY 67