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bdkbZ—23: la;qDr ifjokj% izdkj ,oa dk;Z
3- uk;j ifjokj% rkjokM+% uk;j la;qDr ifjokj dks ey;kye esa rkjokM+ dgrs gSaA ,d uk;j rkjokM+ ifjokj uksV
,d L=kh] mlosQ iq=k ,oa iqf=k;ksa] mldh iqf=k;ksa osQ iq=k ,oa iqf=k;ksa }kjk feydj cuk gksrk gSA bl izdkj bu ifjokjksa
esa ,d L=kh osQ oa'k dh ihf<+;k¡ fuokl djrh gSaA iq=kksa dh lUrkusa mudh fL=k;ksa osQ rkjokM+ksa dh lnL; gksrh gSa
rFkk ekrk osQ lkFk fuokl djrh gSaA rkjokM+ dh lEifÙk vfoHkkT; lEifÙk gksus osQ dkj.k dksbZ lnL; caVokjs dh
ek¡x ugha dj ldrk gSA ifjokj dk o;kso`¼ lnL; tks d.kZoku dgykrk gS lEifÙk dk izca/d gksrk gSA mldh
e`R;ksijkUr gh nwljk mldk LFkku xzg.k djrk gSA fl¼karr% lnL;ksa dh vuqefr ls lEifÙk dk caVokjk gks ldrk
gS] ijUrq rkjokM+ osQ fdlh lnL; osQ fojks/ djus ij ;g foHkktu #d ldrk gSA bl izdkj rkjokM+ dh
vfoHkkT;rk cuh jgrh gSA tc rd lnL; ifjokj esa jgrk gS] rc rd gh og Hkj.k&iks"k.k dh lqfo/k,¡ izkIr
dj ldrk gSµ(1) d.kZoku dh vuqefr izkIr gks x;h gksA (2) d.kZoku dk O;ogkj vuqfpr izekf.kr gks x;k
gksA
izca/d osQ :i esa d.kZoku LosPNk ls u rks lEifÙk dks fxjoh j[k ldrk gS vkSj u gh csp ldrk gSA fu;eksa
dk mYya?ku djus ij mls inP;qr fd;k tk ldrk gS] ijUrq O;ogkj esa d.kZoku bruk 'kfDr&lEiUu gksrk gS fd
mls ge fujaoqQ'k dg ldrs gSaA
dikfM+;k osQ vuqlkj orZeku esa uk;jksa esa ^rko>h* vFkkZr~ ,dkdh ifjokj (Nuclear family) dk fodkl gks
jgk gS rFkk rkjokM+ dk fo?kVu gks jgk gSA O+kQkuwu Hkh budks izksRlkgu iznku dj jgk gSA u;s O+kQkuwu osQ vuqlkj
rkjokM+ osQ fdlh lnL; dh e`R;q osQ ckn mldh lEifÙk osQ Lokeh fudVLFk oa'kt gksaxsA bl izdkj lEifÙk esa
vf/dkj izkIr gksus ls rko>h dh uhao n`<+ gks jgh gSA rko>h osQ vfLrRo esa vkus osQ i'pkr~ lnL; dk lEifÙk
ij ls vf/dkj lekIr gks tkrk gS] ijUrq oa'kt laca/ cus jgrs gSaA blfy, os vius vkidks rkjokM+ dk lnL;
ekurs gq, rkjokM+ cfgfoZokg dk ikyu djrs gSaA fdlh lnL; osQ e`R;ksijkUr rko>h osQ lnL; Hkh Lo;a dks
14 fnu rd v'kq¼ ekurs gSaA
(II) ihf<+;ksa dh xgjkbZ osQ vk/kj ij
(v) la;qDr ifjokj dk mnxz (Vertical) izk:i% bl izdkj osQ la;qDr ifjokjksa esa ,d gh oa'k osQ
de&ls&de rhu ihf<+;ksa osQ yksx ,d lkFk fuokl djrs gSa] tSls] nknk] firk] vfookfgr iq=kh vkSj iq=kA
MkW- vkbZ-ih- nslkbZ us ,sls gh ifjokj dks la;qDr ifjokj ekuk gSA
(c) la;qDr ifjokj dk {kSfrt (Horizontal) izk:i% bl izdkj osQ ifjokjksa esa HkkbZ dk laca/ vf/d
egÙoiw.kZ gS vFkkZr~ ,sls ifjokjksa esa nks ls vf/d Hkkb;ksa osQ ,dkdh ifjokj ,d lkFk fuokl djrs gSaA
(l) la;qDr ifjokj dk fefJr (Mixed) izk:i% la;qDr ifjokj dk ,d :i mi;qZDr nksuksa izdkj osQ
ifjokj dk fefJr :i gS ftlesa nks ;k rhu ihf<+;ksa osQ lHkh HkkbZ lfEefyr :i ls fuokl djrs gSaA
(III) lEifÙk esa vf/dkj dh n`f"V ls
lEifÙk esa vf/dkj dh n`f"V ls fgUnw la;qDr ifjokj dks ferk{kjk ,oa nk;Hkkx nks Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSµ
(i) ferk{kjk la;qDr ifjokj foKkus'oj }kjk fyf[kr ^ferk{kjk Vhdk* osQ fu;eksa ij vk/kfjr gSA caxky vkSj
vle dks NksM+dj lEiw.kZ Hkkjr esa ferk{kjk la;qDr ifjokj ik;s tkrs gSaA bl izdkj osQ ifjokjksa dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,a
gSaµ(d) iq=k dks tUe ls gh firk dh lEifÙk esa vf/dkj izkIr gks tkrk gSA ([k) fL=k;ksa dks lEifÙk esa dksbZ
vf/dkj ugha gksrk gSA (x) ,d O;fDr dh e`R;q gksus ij ;fn mlosQ dksbZ iq=k] ikS=k ;k izikS=k ugha gS rks mldh
lEifÙk mlosQ HkkbZ vkil esa ckaV ysaxsA L=kh dks L=kh /u osQ vfrfjDr dksbZ lEifÙk ugha nh tk;sxhA (?k) iq=k firk
osQ thfor jgrs gq, Hkh dHkh Hkh vius fgLls dh ek¡x dj ldrs gSaA (p) lEifÙk ij firk dk lhfer vf/dkj
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