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Unit-19: Observation Method

19.8 summary notes

y through observation, compilation of primary data and its minute and deep study and unbiased
study are done.
y observations are of three types:
(i) Uncontrolled observation
(ii) Controlled observation
(iii) Mass observation
y Under uncontrolled observation, participant, non-participant and quasi participant observation
are included.
y “Participant observation means a situation in which the observer himself also participates in
all the normal activities of the group being studied.” P. H. Maan.

19.9 Keywords

1. observation: Method of looking at an event or object in a minute and arranged manner,
testing and recording it, is called observation.
2. Merits of Non-participant Observation: Demerits of participant observation are the merits
of non-participant observation.

19.10 review Questions

1. tell the meaning of observation.
2. Give a short description of the types of uncontrolled observation.
3. Describe the merits-demerits of participant observation.

answers: self assessment

1. Specific group
2. observer
3. Participant observation.

19.11 Further readings

Books 1. research Methodology— Dr. Ganesh Pandey, Arun Pandey, radha
Publication.
2. social science of education—tiwari sharada, Arjun Publishing House.

loVely professional uniVersity 153