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Unit-9: Types of Research Design: Experimental and Cross-sectional or Comparative

3. Various natures of units: Many a times it happens that the units we chose for study may seem to notes
be alike in various ways but they may have various differences underlying them. in this reference,
Botomore has rightly said,” in study of societies although the units may seem to have similar designs
but in reality the units may largely differ.” for example, when comparing two families they must be
similar in internal as well as external nature.” the families that seem to be joint from a wider view
must not be single within. Moreover whenever we view any unit separately from its social ground
then it may be a misconceivied, nation.
4. problem in analysis: in comparative method two units are compared. At that time they are not
explained in reference to their social status but are discreetly treated as a unit. in such a situation
it becomes difficult to know their real nature. Resultantly, the results and analysis done through
comparative method turn to be erroneous and unscientific. For example, in western nations the role
of relatives and maternal uncle is not as important as in an indian marriage.
the errors of this method are as follows: (i) comparison is always between two similar incidents and
it is difficult to establish similarity in two incidents, (ii) It is difficult to define comparative units,
(iii) It is difficult to compare entire societies and cultures and the study of grotesque incidents is not
possible.

self assessment
fill in the blanks:
1. from the __________ and comparison of the results of these studies, the practical use of this
method has been proven.
2. in india, Prof. Ghuriye and Kapadia have presented comparative analysis in the areas of
__________ .
3. For any scientific research, the existence of __________ is necessary.

9.8 summary

y According to Chapin; “research is an inspection carried out in a controlled state. When
inspection is unable to find out the factors responsible for the creation of any problem then it
becomes necessary for a researcher to make use of experiment”.
y Comparative method is used for the comparative study of various groups, societies, places
and social incidents occurring in any society.

9.9 Keywords

1. Comparative Method—it is used to compare various societies or the groups within the
same society.
2. Comparative Method—in comparative method the developmental sequence of human
institutions and beliefs is established by comparing the difference between the human
nature.

9.10 review Questions

1. explain the meaning and specialities of experimental research design.
2. explain the importance and usefulness of comparative method design.

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